The Ford 223 was an inline, six-cylinder engine used in several of the company's cars and pickups from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s, when it was phased out in favor of more powerful six- and eight-cylinder engines. The 223 remained the same basic engine throughout its tenure. However, minor revisions allowed the engine's brake horsepower -- its pure or raw horsepower -- to slightly increase over the years.
1954 Ford 223 Engine
The 1954 Ford 223 engine had a bore and stroke of 3.63 inches by 3.60 inches with a compression ration of 8.1:1. It had a maximum brake horsepower of 115 at 3,900 rpm and a maximum torque of 193 pound-feet at 1,000 rpm. The normal oil pressure for the 1954 223 was 50 pounds. It used Champion H10 spark plugs with a .035-inch spark plug gap. The firing order was 1-5-3-6-2-4. The long mark for the ignition timing was at top dead center (TDC), with subsequent marks at three, five, seven and nine degrees. The timing was set at three degrees before top dead center (BTDC). The engine idled at 475 rpm with the manual transmission and 450 rpm with the automatic transmission.
1957 Ford 223
In 1957, the normal oil pressure and bore and stroke remained the same, but the brake horsepower increased to 144 at 4,500 rpm and the maximum torque increased to 212 pound-feet at 2,400 rpm. The compression ratio also increased to 8.4:1.
Ford began using Champion 870 spark plugs with a .034-inch spark plug gap. The firing order remained the same, as it would every year for the 223. The ignition timing damper was marked at two-degree intervals from TDC to nine degrees BTDC. The timing was set at four degrees for the standard transmission and six degrees for the automatic. The idle speed was 475 rpm with either transmission.
1960 Ford 223 Engine
There were only minor changes to the performance specs for the Ford 223 between 1957 and 1960. The 1960 Ford 223 engine had 145 brake horsepower at 4,000 rpm and a maximum torque of 206 pound-feet at 2,200 rpm.
The specs were the same for the oil pressure, compression ratio, spark plug, spark-plug gap, ignition timing and idle speed in the 1960 Ford 223 engine as they were in the 1957 Ford 223 engine.
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