Car Buying Guides: February 2016

Monday, February 29, 2016

How to Trade a Vehicle with a Rebuilt Title

If your vehicle has a rebuilt title (also called a salvage title), chances are you are interested in getting a new car. The good news is it is easy to trade in that salvaged vehicle to a dealer or a private seller. Some people may be interested in rebuilding salvaged cars. There are a few simple steps to take before you make the trade, however, to ensure it is all done on the up and up.

Instructions

Visit the NADA Guides website at nadaguides.com and select the "new and used car pricing" link. Type in your zip code, then select the vehicle make, year and model. Enter the mileage and submit your request.

Find the rough trade-in value range for the vehicle. It will be listed on the screen in the middle of the page.

Multiply that figure by .2 using a calculator to find a rough, general estimate of the trade-in value for the salvage vehicle. Generally speaking, values depreciate for rebuilt cars by about 10 to 20 percent on the market.

Take the vehicle to the dealer with your new trade-in figure in mind and negotiate a fair trade price that is comparable with this value. Stick to your estimate and demand a decent price.

How to Buy a Classic Datsun

Datsun (now called Nissan) was the first Japanese company to introduce affordable sports cars to the U.S. market. Today, some of the cars from the '60s and '70s are being sought after by collectors and enthusiasts.

Instructions

Consider a 1500, 1600 or 2000 roadster. First introduced in 1962, these cars owed a lot to the English sports cars but were not plagued with the reliability (read electrical) problems. These cars bowed out in 1970 to make room for the legendary 240Z.

Look for a 240Z if you want the ultimate Japanese sports car. This car was wildly popular upon its debut in 1970. It was built until 1974, when it became the 260Z, which many people consider the beginning of the end for the Z car.

Find a 510. Called the poor man's 2002, this great, boxy little sedan was built from 1968 to 1973. They're rare, but they're still out there.

2002 Chevy Trailblazer LT Information

With roots that stretched back to the S-10 Blazer vehicles produced during the 1980s and 1990s, General Motors introduced the Chevrolet TrailBlazer--a mid-sized SUV--for the 2002 model year. Its LT trim--just like the LS below it, and the EXT LT and LTZ above it--had rear-wheel and four-wheel drivetrain options.

The 2002 Chevy TrailBlazer LT came with a 4.2-liter, 270 horsepower, in-line six-cylinder engine with 275 foot-pounds of torque. The standard transmission was a four-speed automatic with overdrive. With a 19-gallon gas tank, the 2002 TrailBlazer LT had a fuel economy of 15 to 16 mpg for city driving and 21 to 22 mpg for highway driving.

Standard safety features included power/child safety door locks, vehicle anti-theft system, keyless entry, anti-lock braking, and driver, passenger and front-side airbags.

Interior features of the 2002 Chevy TrailBlazer LT included power windows, air conditioning system, separate driver and front-passenger climate controls, leather steering wheel, telematic system and trip computer, cruise control, and stereo system with AM/FM/CD player. The LT was designed to accommodate up to five people, although its EXT LT cousin was large enough take in two more passengers. The color of the LTs upholstery was either pewter or oak.

The 2002 TrailBlazer LT had 16-inch alloy wheels. Other standard exterior features included automatic daytime running lights, deep-tinted glass, fog lights, heated power side mirrors, towing package and roof rack. The colors of the 2002 TrailBlazer LT were Forest Green Metallic, Light Pewter Metallic, Majestic Red Metallic, Onyx Black, Sandalwood Metallic and Summit White.

The original manufacturer's suggested retail price for the 2002 Chevrolet TrailBlazer LT with two-wheel drive was $29,095, while the four-wheel drive version was $31,320. As of 2010, the price range of the 2002 TrailBlazer LT, according to auto valuation publication Kelley Blue Book, is estimated between $8,600 and $9,200.

Sunday, February 28, 2016

How to Cancel an Extended Auto Warranty

Cars are a wonderful way to get from one place to the other, but can also comes with strings attached if you aren't careful. When looking for a car, the employee helping you may suggest getting an extended auto warranty to cover parts and labor for another 50,000 to 100,000 miles. At first glance, the warranty sounds like a good idea, but pay close attention to the price. You may end up wanting to cancel the contract.

Instructions

Call the car dealership from which you purchased the car and find out the work schedule for the employee who sold you the warranty. This person is probably a finance manager. By calling you can save yourself an unnecessary trip to the dealership.

Go to the dealership when the finance manager is working and request a short meeting. Hand them your warranty and ask to have it canceled. In most cases, the finance manager will get a cancellation contract for you both to sign; however if you have owed the car for a while or put many miles on it, you might find it harder to get out of the contract.

Ask for a copy of the cancellation contract once it's been signed by both parties.

Request the contract be processed immediately. This might require follow-up on your part since the dealership loses less money on the warranty as time passes.

Normally refunds take a few months to process.

Honda Odyssey Vs. Toyota Sienna

Market leaders in minivan sales and quality, the Honda Odyssey and Toyota Sienna offer many of the same features, with similar designs. Introduced in 1999, the Sienna is one of the oldest models on the minivan block, while the Odyssey ranks number 1 out of 8 reviewed by U.S. News & World Report.

In 1959 Honda made its first appearance in the United States by operating out of a storefront in Los Angeles, California. For 50 years, the corporation has been a leader in fuel-efficient, and cost-effective, automobiles that have been known for their reliability. Perhaps the most well-known Honda, the Civic, was released in 1973 the same year Honda released the world's first fuel-efficient four-stroke outboard marine engine.

Toyota released its first automobile, the A1 prototype passenger car, in 1935. While the car didn't make market success, Toyota still made a base of operation in the U.S. in 1957. For 30 years Toyota released cars under the same name until 1989, when the luxury line Lexus came out. As a Toyota off-shoot, Lexus was named the number one luxury import in 1991.

"The (Honda) Odyssey delivers one of the best combinations of power, handling, and interior versatility in its class," says U.S News & World Report. The 2009 version of the minivan features a fuel-saving cylinder deactivation system that allows for greater fuel economy, while still gaining a boost in horsepower.

The 2009 Best Car for the Money award winner by U.S. News & World Report, the Toyota Sienna provides excellent value based on its price. Like the Odyssey, its main rival in the minivan category, the Sienna provides power and comfort while still maintaining high safety ratings and plenty of space for a family.

Equipped with loads of features and an ample 3.5-liter V-6, the Odyssey provides a fun driving experience not normally associated with minivans. A high chassis, firm suspension and precise steering make the Odyssey very nimble for its power and considerable size. Inside Honda has put clever use to its interior space, using excellent ergonomics, coupled with a fuel-saving cylinder deactivation for maximized miles per gallon.

Despite its age in the market, the Sienna does offer some of the big-ticket options of its competitors like the Odyssey. A big V-6 engine provides power, 265 horsepower and 245 pound-feet of torque, although the size of the van can make handling a chore and parking a squeeze.

Both the Odyssey and the Sienna score points for their options, size and power. That's why they're tops in the market for minivans. Similarities abound between the two as Car and Driver says about the Odyssey, "The best minivan to drive ... offers a smooth powertrain, handsome styling, and Honda build quality," and Forbes says about the Sienna, "if one needs a lot of passenger and cargo room ... then the Sienna gets our vote as one terrific family car."

With either, prices of a fully loaded model can run into the high-$30,000 range. As with any choice of purchase, the options of Honda quality build, and large amounts of interior space in the Sienna, need to be weighed. Either way, according to leading publications, the choice wouldn't be a bad one as both minivans are at the top of the market.

How to Find Gas Mileage on a Vehicle

Fuel economy is an important part of owning a vehicle. The better the fuel mileage for a vehicle, the lower the cost of ownership. If your vehicle is rendering lower fuel mileage that you wish or expected, there are certain maintenance tasks you can perform, such as making sure that there is enough air in the tires and that the oil is changed. Finding the gas mileage on your vehicle is a simple process that takes a bit of simple math.

Instructions

Find the size of your gas tank. This information is in the user manual for your vehicle. For this example, let's say your gas tank is 10 gallons.

Fill your gas tank full the next time you are at the gas station. Note the exact number of miles on the odometer. For this example, let's say it is exactly 50,000 miles.

Drive your vehicle as you normally would until your vehicle is almost out of gas.

Fill up your tank again with gasoline. Note the amount of gasoline it took to fill up the tank. For this example, let the amount be nine gallons. At the gas station, note the number of miles on the odometer. For this example, let's say the odometer now reads 50,200 miles.

Divide the number of miles your vehicle traveled by the amount of gasoline your vehicle used. In this example, divide 200 (50,200 minus 50,000) by nine (numbers of gallons used) for a result of 22.2 miles per gallon.

Repeat the process several times to get a more accurate gas mileage estimation.

Friday, February 26, 2016

Salvage Title Drawbacks

While salvaged vehicles can save you thousands of dollars off regular used cars, it may not be the best way to purchase a used vehicle. Salvage titles are given to cars and trucks that insurance companies, for one reason or another, deem a "total loss." The insurance company may determine a vehicle a "total loss" because repair costs are more than the value of the car or truck, or to avoid liability on other types of claims.

Before purchasing a salvage title vehicle, you should check with your state's department of motor vehicles to find out if they allow salvage title vehicles on the road. Some states will allow them on the road only after they have been fully repaired, inspected and given a "rebuilt" title. For example, Texas will allow salvage title vehicles on the road because they have to be safety inspected annually. After two years of passing inspections, you can apply to have a rebuilt title.

While you may find it money-conscious to purchase a salvage title vehicle, your insurance company may not. Once an insurance company deems a car or truck as a "total loss," another insurance company may not insure that vehicle with a salvage title. Also, the title of the vehicle will always show that it is a rebuilt or salvaged vehicle, even if you restore it to 100% running condition.

Beware that there are some unethical businesses that will put two salvaged vehicles together as one. These salvaged vehicles usually have shoddy repairs and cause serious problems over time. Consider that the vehicle may have serious frame damage even though the rest of the vehicle looks fine. Frame damage may make the vehicle difficult to repair, and may result in failure to pass a safety inspection.

Salvage title vehicles are best for the individual who plans on keeping the vehicle for several years. Most car dealers will not accept salvage or rebuilt title vehicles as a trade-in. If you try to sell it privately, such as a classified ad or auction, a salvage title must be disclosed to the prospective buyer. Also, if sold privately, a vehicle with a salvage title is not worth as much as one with a clean title.

Thursday, February 25, 2016

2005 Toyota Tacoma 2.7L Specs

The 2005 Toyota Tacoma is a compact pickup truck with Japanese engineering. Its base engine is a 2.7-liter model with a mileage rating of 22 mpg in the city and 26 on the highway.

A 164-horsepower, 2.7-liter, in-line 4-cylinder engine provides the power for the 2005 Toyota Tacoma. A fuel-injection system delivers the fuel and the compression ratio is 9.6:1. It runs on unleaded 87-octane gasoline.

The 2005 model features four-wheel anti-locking braking, a brake assist system, electronic brake distribution, ventilated disc brakes in the front and drum brakes in the rear .

The rear suspension is equipped with leaf springs, while the front is a wishbone independent suspension system.

The 2005 base Tacoma is 190.4 inches long and has a wheelbase of 109.4 inches. It is 65.7 inches tall and 72.2 inches wide. It weighs 3,146 pounds.

The 2005 model is equipped with halogen headlamps, cargo box liner, tinted windows, an AM/FM stereo player with CD player and driver and front passenger airbags.

How to Negotiate with Used Car Dealers

If you are buying a used car and want to save money you need to learn how to negotiate with used car dealers. They can give you a good deal, and for the most part want to. You just need to know which buttons to push.

Instructions

Find the trade-in value of all the cars you are interested in buying from Kelley Blue Book, NADA and any other source. Write them down and bring them with you.

Check prices of all the used cars you are interested in buying and write them down or print them out and bring them to the used car dealer as well.

Do not refer to these prices directly but keep them in your head when you negotiate with the used car dealer. If you do, the used car salesmen can dismiss them as inaccurate, and you will be stuck without leverage.

Express a little interest in a few higher priced cars on the lot, then immediately say you aren't interested when the price is mentioned. Don't mention the car you really are interested in right away. Instead, mention it as an afterthought. The car dealer will try and "get you into this car", the one he thinks you don't like but will drive away in if the price is right!

Pick out a few bonus points about this car you really 'don't want'. Say it does have good gas mileage, but add a few downers like the color, lack of a stereo, mileage or appearance.

Low ball the car salesman on your first offer. Then creep up slowly until you have negotiated a price on this car you really want!

Wednesday, February 24, 2016

Lemon Laws on a Private Sale

Lemon laws protect buyers from purchasing automobiles with major mechanical problems, typically defects affecting the safety and overall drivability of the vehicle. These laws, for the most part, do not extend to minor cosmetic or electronic defects and rarely extend to private sales. Lemon laws pertaining to private sales vary from state to state, so it is important you research your state's laws to understand your rights as a buyer and a private seller.

Your rights are based on the state you live in and where you purchased and registered your vehicle. For instance, in Massachusetts anyone who sells more than four vehicles in a 12-month period is considered a car dealer and is privy to dealer laws.

Typically, private vehicles are sold "as-is." However, a seller is responsible for disclosing any information on a vehicle's condition prior to its sale. If a vehicle has been salvaged, wrecked, flooded or stolen, the buyer could have grounds for legal action if it's not disclosed. Similarly, if an odometer has been rolled back, the vehicle might be eligible for return. Many states offer a period of a few days where a vehicle can be returned if it shows major mechanical failure. These laws vary, though, because it's difficult to determine whether a vehicle was suffering from these mechanical symptoms before the time of sale or whether they were incurred after the time of purchase.

In many states, the buyer is responsible for having a vehicle inspected within seven days of purchase to have recourse against the seller for problems. Buyers usually have 30 days to return the vehicle. Many states require that the repairs exceed a percentage of the purchase price for the vehicle to be covered under private lemon laws. In some, the buyer has little to no recourse, making it very important to have a vehicle inspected before purchasing.

What Is a Branded Automobile Title?

When buying a used car, it is important to look at the vehicle's title and history. Certain information on a title--particularly how a car is branded--can tell a buyer a lot about the vehicle's past life and previous condition.

When referring to an automobile title, a brand is used to identify what commercial purposes a vehicle was previously used for, significant problems, and accident damage a vehicle might have incurred. There are six most common categories of branded titles: salvaged, original or prior taxi, original or prior police, non-USA, warranty return or lemon law buyback, and re-manufactured or reconstructed. Some states, such as California, use all of these titles, while others, such as Oregon, only brand cars as salvaged, reconstructed, or junked.

A car branded as salvaged, totaled, or junked has been damaged so badly it was deemed too expensive to fix. Although these cars may come at bargain prices, they may also lack necessary repairs to make them safe to drive.

Original and prior taxi vehicles are automobiles previously used as taxis. Likewise, original and prior police vehicles were used as law enforcement cars in the past. The majority of these cars have high mileage, so it is important to take into account the estimated life left in the vehicle before purchasing.

A non-USA branding simply means that a vehicle was built for use and sale outside the United States but has been modified to meet U.S. safety and emissions standards.

A warranty return or lemon law buyback is a vehicle returned to a manufacturer under laws that require the repair of certain vehicle problems under warranty. When these problems cannot be fixed to the consumer's satisfaction, the vehicle may be returned by the consumer and resold by the dealer as a warranty return or lemon law buyback vehicle.

A re-manufactured or reconstructed branding means that a vehicle has been built by a licensed manufacturer out of used or repaired parts. It also indicates that major parts have been rebuilt or restored such as the axle, frame, engine, or transmission. These cars may be sold under a unique brand name that does not reflect the vehicle origin of their components.

2008 Dodge Charger & 2008 Ford Mustang Car Specifications

The 2008 Dodge Charger and 2008 Ford Mustang are performance cars styled to echo the muscle-car era of the 1960s and early 1970s. The Charger, however, comes only as a four-door hardtop. Ford offers the Mustang as a two-door coupe and convertible.

The base engine of the 2008 Dodge Charger is a fuel-injected 250-horsepower 3.5-liter V6 that earns 17 mpg in city driving and 24 on the highway. A fuel-injected 210-horsepower 4-liter V6 powers the 2008 base model Mustang. It earns 17 mpg in the city and 26 mpg on the highway.

An all-wheel anti-locking braking system (ABS) and four disc brakes, with the front pair ventilated, stop the Charger. The Mustang has the same braking system, except that all four disc brakes are ventilated. The Charger features a front independent wishbone suspension system with multi-link independent suspension in the rear. The Mustang is equipped with strut independent front suspension and a beam rear suspension system.

Dodge placed the Charger on a 120-inch wheelbase, with the car measuring 200.1 inches long. Its 74.5 inches wide and 58.2 inches tall. The Mustang sits on considerably shorter wheelbase of 107.1 inches and is 187.6 inches from bumper to bumper. Its width is 73.9 inches and overall height is 55.4 inches.

Tuesday, February 23, 2016

The Best Luxury SUV Hybrids

You don't have to be stoned in the town square for buying a gas guzzling SUV anymore. Luxury makers have responded to the outcry from the public to deliver luxury SUV hybrids. The list is still rather on the skimpy side with only a hand full of true luxury SUV hybrids out there, but make no mistake, they are here, and they are most definitely luxurious.

A Porsche hybrid is the one a lot of people are talking about. Many people would argue the fact that Porsche owners don't need to worry about fuel costs, but having luxury, performance and an eco-friendly engine makes for a soon-to-be very hot seller. Expect the Porsche Cayenne S Hybrid to hit showrooms late 2010 as a 2011 model. With a projected highway mileage of 24 miles per gallon compared to its non-hybrid sibling, the Cayenne S, which only achieves 13 city and 19 highway, this car should be well worth the wait.

Take a crossover SUV add and electric motor and you have yourself a winner. The 2010 BMW X6 Hybrid will most likely boast a V8 hybrid engine. This is another vehicle that is still in the works to be released. BMW projects to have it on the road in late 2010 with a price tag of around $90,000. Estimated MPG are still not available. Visit your local BMW dealer for more information.

This is by far the most extravagant of the Luxury SUV Hybrids. Getting 20mpg city and 21 highway, you won't be saving the environment, but you will be improving from the 16 mpg the non-hybrid Cadillac Escalade gets. With a price tag of $85,000 (Platinum Edition) as of 2009, you get DVDs in the headrest, LED headlight trimming and everything in between to keep up appearances while still doing your part for the environment (or at least look like you are).

Another vehicle to look out for in 2010 is the ML 450 hybrid, another large family friendly SUV jumping into the hybrid world. Getting 21mpg city/24mpg highway, beating out its smaller brother, the ML350, at 15mpg city/20mpg highway. Safe, beautiful European lines make this a great choice in the luxury SUV segment.

The Lexus RX400H is a mid-size luxury SUV hybrid that offers a bit of everything for everyone. Getting 27mpg city/24mpg highway makes it one of the most fuel efficient SUVs in its segment.

Cars That Fit Three Car Seats

Monday, February 22, 2016

Are There Laws Against Selling a Damaged New Car?

You buy a new car thinking all the systems and mechanics in the car are safe. Days later, you find the car is heavily damaged in essential parts, such as the brake system or the locks. The good news is that many states are on your side. No car dealership can sell a damaged new car, but the specifics on how to handle such an issue varies state to state.

Lemon laws are consumer protection laws for car purchases. In general, lemon laws dictate that the consumer has the right to return the vehicle to the car dealership.

All states have in their lemon laws specific details on how return policies are handled. A lemon is defined as a car with a defection that lowers the safety of the vehicle. Some safety examples that define the car as a lemon include faulty brakes, transmission issues and failure to accelerate properly.

Return policies and burden of proof differ per state. There are also some states that dictate that the car must have more than one defect to constitute a lemon. Some states also have a procedure to file lemon complaints, while in other states you need to take the car dealership to court.

Sunday, February 21, 2016

1992 Dodge Dakota Specs

The Dodge Dakota was first introduced in the 1987 model year. It was Dodge's first mid-sized pickup truck that struggled to compete with similar models from other companies. 1992 saw the introduction of the Magnum engines, which gave Dakota models increased horsepower. Over the years, the Dodge Dakota has showcased a variety of features and changes.

The 1992 Dodge Dakota was first manufactured as a 1987 model. It began as a light, mid-sized pickup truck, between compact trucks and full-size models. The Dakota was originally offered with a 2.2 liter I-4 engine or a 3.9 liter V-6 engine. This remain unchanged for the first two years, but in 1989, an extended cab model and a V-8 performance edition were introduced. The V-8 edition was not produced for 1990, but was reintroduced in 1991.

The Dodge Dakota offered three engine options in 1992. The truck was powered by a 2.5 liter I-4 engine, a 3.9 liter V-6 engine, or a 5.2 liter V-8 engine. In 1992 Dodge began using Magnum engines for the V-6 and V-8, increasing horsepower dramatically. The V-6 increased from 125 HP to 180 HP and the V-8 increased from 165 HP to 230 HP. Another advantage of the Magnum engines was the use of multiple-port fuel injection, a feature that improved engine operation.

Dodge offered the Dakota in three trim levels for the 1992 model year. It was available as a base model, sport model and "S" model. Within each trim level, the Dakota was offered as a regular cab, extended cab or club cab. Consumers could also choose from two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive editions.

The Dodge Dakota was a mid-sized truck that gave three length options. The regular cab was 184.2 inches in length, the extended cab was 202.7 inches, and the club cab was 203.2 inches. All two-wheel drive editions were 64.2 inches high, while four-wheel drive models were 67.2 inches high.

The 5-speed manual transmission was standard on all trim levels of the 1992 Dodge Dakota. Both the base and sport models offered a 4-speed automatic transmission as an option. Both transmissions had overdrive. All models came with rear-wheel anti-lock brakes or ABS.

Saturday, February 20, 2016

How to Determine Dealer Cost for a Car

Determining a dealer's cost for a car may seem simple. Many car buyers believe the invoice price represents what the dealer pays to the factory. In reality, the invoice is just one element. There are other things, like holdbacks and factory to dealer incentives, that bring the true cost down below the invoice total. You must know all the factors if you want to calculate an accurate cost and use it to negotiate the best deal.

Instructions

Calculate the invoice price of the car, including any packages or individual accessories. You can easily find invoice information on automotive research sites like DriveNow or Edmunds. Choose the correct make, model and year of the vehicle you are pricing. Add any accessories and packages to determiine the total invoice price.

Add the destination charge, which is the cost of transporting the car from the manufacturer to the dealership location. This is a legitimate cost, and it will be listed by the automotive research sites when you bring up vehicle information.

Subtract the holdback amount, which varies by manufacturer. It usually runs between 1 and 3 percent of the invoice price. Edmunds says the holdback is money that is given back to the dealership. The dealer pays the whole invoice amount, and the holdback is paid back on a regular basis, usually quarterly. The automotive research sites typically list the holdback rates for each manufacturer. Some luxury car manufacturers do not have holdbacks.

Subtract any factory to dealer incentives. Edmunds says this is also known as "dealer cash." It is money that goes directly to the dealership, unlike rebates that are given to consumers. It may be offered to dealers in a specific region or be attached to certain slow-selling models. Automotive research sites typically list current incentives and the specific time frame they are being offered.

How to Identify a Pontiac Grand Prix VIN "J" Model

Your Pontiac Grand Prix has a 17-character vehicle identification number (VIN) that tells a great deal about the car. The first five characters tell the country of the vehicle's origin, the vehicle's manufacturer and its make. General Motors uses the sixth through eighth characters to identify the body type, seat belt arrangement and engine. The ninth character is used to prevent fraud and the 10th identifies the vehicle's year. GM uses the 11th and remaining characters to identify the manufacturing plant and the sequence the car came off the assembly line.

Instructions

Look for your Grand Prix's VIN on your title, registration card or insurance papers. If you cannot find your vehicle's paperwork, you can find the VIN on the vehicle.

Look for the VIN stamped on a small metal plate located on the driver's-side of the dashboard, near the windshield. Look through the windshield to see it better.

Count the characters of the VIN to the eighth position. If it is a "J," that means it has a 3.1-liter V-6 engine with fuel injection, identifying it as a Grand Prix VIN "J" Model.

Differences Between VTEC and i-VTEC

VTEC is a timing system designed by Honda Motor Corporation, which is used on a variety of Honda and Acura models in every major automotive market. VTEC stands for Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control. The system was upgraded to i-VTEC in the early 2000s, which added intake camshaft timing adjustment. VTEC implementation differs in different engine families across the Honda and Acura range, thus the i-VTEC implemented in the current R-series Honda engines, for instance, is different than the i-VTEC system equipped on K series engines.

The hallmark of the Honda VTEC system is the ability to vary valve timing, which is when the exhaust valves close and open within the engine head. By altering the lift and duration of valve operation, the engine can optimize both low- and high-end operation. Prior to VTEC engine designers had to pick where in the revolution range the engine would be optimized for performance.

VTEC engines posses a threshold (typically 4500 rpm) above which the VTEC system engages a third rocker arm, which hold valves open for longer periods, improving high end power. The system was implemented in single- and dual-overhead engines.

i-VTEC (intelligent Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control) was introduced in 2002 to the North American market. The i-VTEC system added additional control for intake valves at low and medium throttle levels, thus improving low-end and partial throttle response from the engine. Thus, the i-VTEC system provides all the benefits of the traditional VTEC design's high-end open throttle power, while providing better engine operation at low and partial throttle.

The i-VTEC system was implemented into more modern K series engine, as opposed to the VTEC system of the older B series engines. There is a performance i-VTEC system, and an economy i-VTEC system. The performance variant allowed three cam lobes per cylinder for both intake and exhaust, whereas the economy i-VTEC system only possesses two lobes on the intake cam, and no VTEC control on the exhaust cam. The performance version resulted in an additional 40 horsepower in the K series engines.

Honda's continual effort to improve the basic VTEC formula continues with the AVTEC (Advanced Variable Valve Timing and Life Electronic Control) system first announced in 2006. While Honda has not met the initial goal of release of AVTEC by 2009, the system continues under development. AVTEC combines continuously variable phase control with the i-VTEC system. Honda estimates the system will result in a 13 percent increase in fuel efficiency.

How to Find Women's Biker Clothes

If you are a female biker, even a novice, you probably wish to look the part. This means you need the right wardrobe along with the right bike. Finding biker clothes for women isn't a hard task. There are many women who enjoy the open road and the freedom of riding motorcycles just as there are men. Manufacturers realize this and cater to a woman's biker needs--even her fashion needs.If you are trying to find women's biker clothes, here are some simple steps to help you.

Instructions

Find your nearest motorcycle dealerships. Dealerships like Harley Davidson sell more than just motorcycles. They sell every accessory a biker may need and they sell the clothing to match, even women's biker clothes.

Visit your nearest flea market. Most flea markets cater to hobbyists of all kinds, even to motorcycle enthusiasts. You can find motorcycle helmets, clothing, do-rags and even collectible motorcycle memorabilia at most flea markets.

Shop via your computer at online stores. Type in the words "women biker clothing" into your favorite browser and you will be amazed at the number of choices you have for purchasing women's biker clothes. Remember when you buy online, check things such as cost of shipping and handling and make sure you can return any items purchased.

Shop at your local department stores. If you look hard enough you may find some women's biker clothes that suit your style at your favorite department store. If you do not find what you want in the fashion department, don't forget to check out the sporting section.

Read the classified ads. You may find some used women's biker clothes for sale in the classified ads of your local newspaper.

Check out Craigslist.org and eBay.com. You never know what either of these sites may have to offer. Just be sure to read the entire ad and pay close attention to the details--especially the sizes.

Friday, February 19, 2016

How to Find Used & Preowned Cars

Purchasing a new car is an expensive financial decision that can result in a loss of equity over the life of ownership. But if you purchase a used vehicle, you'll get little loss of equity and a lower purchase price. There are a number of places that you can visit to negotiate a reasonable price for a preowned vehicle.

Instructions

Search your local dealerships. Most of the major dealerships carry a full used car selection in addition to new cars. Some companies, such as Mercedes-Benz and Acura, offer certified preowned models. Ask the dealer whether a certified vehicle comes with any benefits such as an extended warranty or complimentary factory inspections. You can consider a certified preowned vehicle to be a reliable purchase, because these vehicles are inspected to high standards.

Search the newspapers and classifieds for used cars. The classifieds are peppered with a mixture of resellers and private sellers. If you find a vehicle from a private seller, expect to either pay cash or seek preapproved financing through a banking institution. Private sellers often are motivated to sell their used cars quickly, so be prepared to negotiate the selling price for the best deal.

Log on to an auction website like eBay or search an online classified site such as Craigslist for listings. If you use an auction website, purchase from a trusted seller with high approval ratings. Internet classifieds are much like print classifieds, though many on the Internet do not require commissions or listing fees. Try to negotiate a lower price for a car that has no listing fees attached to it.

Check national listing companies for used cars at competitive prices. Some websites like AutoTrader.com and Yahoo! Autos allow customers to narrow down search criteria to a specific geographic radius, or to search nationally between both private sellers and car resellers.

How to Find an Affordable Muscle Car

Buying a classic car can seem like an arduous and expensive task. But if you are a fan of 1960's and 1970's-era muscle cars, there are more affordable options than you might think. Knowing where to look, and what to look for, can go a long way towards finding a cheap muscle car that's every bit the classic without paying a premium price. As the market for muscle cars changes over the years, some cars are highly sought after while others are nearly ignored. Finding the car that's right for you and your budget, while avoiding premium collectibles, will get you on the road quicker and with more money left in your pocket.

Instructions

Attend local car club meets and car shows. There are no better experts on muscle cars than muscle car enthusiasts. Most cities have monthly or even weekly meets and car shows. The participants often have years of experience and knowledge about the muscle car market. There often are many cars for sale or trade at these events as well.

Search the Internet. A simple Internet search for muscle car models and prices will show a wealth of information on which cars demand the highest and lowest prices, as well as local listings in your area.

Look for common makes and models. Some muscle cars were manufactured in large numbers with a variety of engines and options. The most common models and trim levels are much easier to find and restoration parts for these cars are also cheaper.

Check your local newspaper classifieds. Some of the best bargains are a result of a private seller getting rid of an old car from their garage or backyard. They may not be aware the car is worth something.

How to Prevent Being Denied a Car Warranty Claim

There's no worse feeling than being handed a large bill from your mechanic when you thought your car was covered by a warranty. Prevent your claim from being denied and protect yourself by following a few simple rules that will also help to extend the life of your car.

Instructions

Ask about car problems when you buy used. If an issue was present before you bought the car, a warranty might not cover it. Also, ask whether the owner holds any warranties for the car and whether they are transferable.

Change your oil and make sure other preventative maintenance is done according to the manufacturer's schedule. Be sure to keep records and receipts. Note that for extended warranties, some companies will not allow handwritten receipts or work that is not done by certified professionals.

Drive your car gently. Some warranties cover only mechanical breakdowns and not wear and tear. Claims for damage caused by abuse will be denied.

Check your warranty before installing anything on your car. Many accessories that are not manufacturer approved will void your warranty.

Stop driving your car if you suspect a problem. If you do more damage to your car by driving it, your claim might be rejected. Many warranties will, however, cover the cost of your car being towed to the mechanic's shop.

Take your car to a mechanic's shop that you trust for an evaluation. Be clear and concise in describing the problem to the mechanic.

Write down what you and the mechanic discussed, as well as the date, just in case there is a dispute later.

Tell the mechanic not to begin work before your claim is approved by the warranty company.

Contact the warranty company directly by telephone to explain the situation.

Ask whether the mechanic will file the claim for you. That will save you the hassle of paperwork and phone calls. Most warranty companies are happy to deal directly with the mechanic, so you only have to worry about paying the deductible.

Wednesday, February 17, 2016

Auto Transport Procedures

Transporting automobiles can be quite difficult, especially when they are taken from different states or countries. It can take some time to have a vehicle transported to a particular destination, but by following certain guidelines and submitting the required paperwork, the delivery can go smoothly and arrive according to its estimated travel time.

A vehicle scheduled for shipping should be prepared accordingly. Car alarms should be deactivated, and the gas tank is filled with no more than of its allowed content since the vehicle carrier is weighed at each state line, and overweight issues can cause certain delays and penalties. Loose parts and specialty items should either be removed or secured to avoid added damage, while the radiator should have sufficient amounts of antifreeze.

Before an auto transport procedure, certain documents should be processed by the client and the shipping company. Among these requirements is the Bill of Lading, which provides the terms and conditions the shipping company should follow before and after transporting the vehicle. It is important for the client to read the Bill of Lading before making a deposit.

Before a vehicle is loaded into the carrier, it will go through a series of inspections to make sure that it satisfies the terms and conditions required by the Bill of Lading. The document will be signed by the client and the driver after the inspection process. Once the car is delivered, it will be inspected once again by the driver and the recipient of the automobile to see if there are any changes to the vehicle during its transport. Claims of damages or changes should be filed within two weeks, and complaints will only be considered and given appropriate action when the shipping payment has been completed.

There is no definite amount of time for auto transport, thanks to various state tax policies and inspections as well as the compliance of auto shipping safety laws set by the Department of Transportation. Different car transport service companies provide varying time-frames of delivery, and those which can keep up with 80% to 95% of their estimated transport time are the ones which can be truly relied on.

Some auto transport services offer door-to-door moves, and this practically means that the delivery truck would try to get as close to the point of destination as long as it is legally permitted. This is because some cities and states have restrictions of large trucks and prevent them from driving to residential areas. Thus, pickup points can be at large parking lots at the back of establishments such as grocery stores, schools or malls.

Monday, February 15, 2016

How to Buy Junk Cars in Atlanta

If you are interested in fixing up cars or buying cars for parts in the Atlanta, GA, area, check out the junk-car market. Typically, junk cars do not run or do not run well. Therefore, you will need to tow away any junk cars that you purchase. You can do this yourself or pay a local towing company. Typically, you must pay cash for junk cars, but some auto auctions accept cashier's checks.

Instructions

Place an ad in the classifieds section of the Atlanta Journal Constitution or another local area newspaper to advertise that you want to buy junk cars. You can post an ad for free on the Atlanta Journal Constitution Exchange website. You can also post a free ad on Craigslist.

Look through the classified ads on the Atlanta Journal Constitution website and Craigslist to see if anyone in the Atlanta area is offering a junk car for sale. Some area auto auctions where you can buy junk cars include Peach State Auto Auction, Manheim Metro Atlanta Auto Auction and Atlanta Auto Auction. You can find a list of Atlanta and Fulton County auto auctions on the Car Buying and Find Auto Auctions websites. Auto auctions are typically held on weekends, but some do occur during the week.

Bid on junk car auctions through Auto Bid Master or eBay. You will be responsible for picking up any junk cars you purchase.

How to Sell Below Dealer Invoice Price

Selling below dealer invoice is important to dealerships that want to increase their sales by offering cars to shoppers who have likely done their research on fair market pricing for cars and trucks. When you offer new cars for sale below invoice price, it can attract the attention of price-conscious shoppers who may consider shopping outside of their local market area in the interest of getting the best prices available. However, in order to have success selling cars at or below invoice, dealerships must be prepared to advertise and commit to their pricing strategy.

Instructions

Identify the vehicles that you want to sell below invoice. In conjunction with the general sales manager or owner, think about the cars that have been on the lot the longest. If you want to maximize online selling opportunities, consider listing vehicles at a price that allows the dealership to sell below invoice while still leaving a fair margin for the company when monies like holdback are considered. Holdback is an amount paid to the dealership after a particular vehicle is sold. This money is used to pay sales representative salaries and cover the company's overhead.

Select a target below invoice price. The amount below invoice can vary between vehicles. Newly-released models or those in high demand may command a price above invoice shortly after their release. Shop other dealerships in your area via the Internet to determine ideal target prices. If you adopt an aggressive strategy, be sure to think about how long it takes for factory orders to be built, as you may greatly increase sales volume and be unable to order new vehicles as quickly as you sell them.

Update your pricing. If you want to list your aggressive target pricing online, update your inventory management or pricing tool so that the new prices are reflected on each listing. If you prefer to adjust your pricing regularly or offer the special pricing via email only, do not update the pricing tool.

Update your email templates. Make sure that the email quotes you send to prospects reflect the aggressive pricing approach. If you commit to below dealer invoice pricing but never inform your prospects and current customers of the pricing strategy, you could miss out on opportunities to do business.

Keep your pricing fluid. Update your pricing relative to invoice based on current market conditions. Remember that the best tool to use when advertising cars for sale online is price. It can be hard to differentiate your dealership from others in the virtual space, so offer all leads a competitive price quote and follow up via phone and email as quickly as possible.

How to Buy a New Car in the United Kingdom

Buying a new car is a major purchase and should not be done in a hurry. It is important to research the various options available for your budget. It's also essential to factor in insurance and running costs, which can vary according to the size of the engine and the type of fuel. In the United Kingdom, all new cars must be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA). Any new car can be bought outright with cash, but financing is a popular option.

Instructions

Research potential car buys. Visit websites such as www.which.co.uk, which offers impartial reviews. Local libraries usually have stocks of auto magazines that publish details of new cars. There are two main motoring organizations in the UK, the AA (www.theaa.com) and the RAC (www.rac.co.uk), both of which also offer independent reviews.

Work out your budget. Remember to consider insurance and running costs. Most dealers will offer a servicing deal for the first few years. Breakdown cover in the UK is offered by the AA and the RAC, and it is worthwhile investigating the range of options available from both organizations. It is important to consider the cost of road tax, which is split into 13 bands according to the CO2 emissions of the car. Carfueldata.org.uk provides a calculator that works out your new car's road tax.

Visit local dealers who sell the type of car in which you're interested. Take your time to look around at the options available.

Take the car for a test drive. This will not be the car you are buying but will be the same make, and it will give you an opportunity to check if it suits your style of driving. If you have young children, check that there is sufficient room for car seats. In the UK, children under the age of 12 (or under 135 cm) must use a child restraint.

Go home and think it over. Don't rush into this purchase. Consider the financing deal offered by the dealer and compare it to bank or other financing options. The dealer's financing is not always the cheapest, although you can use this as a bargaining tool. All finance deals in the UK will be regulated by the Consumer Credit Act, which gives consumers a number of rights, including the right to settle the outstanding sums due at any time.

Go back to the dealer and haggle. Haggling is expected in the UK, and buyers seldom pay the advertised price. Ask the dealer to give you a better deal on the financing. Make sure that he is including road tax in the deal. Ask for extras such as air conditioning and CD players, which will increase the resale value of your car.

Arrange insurance and road tax for the car. The dealer will generally tax the car, but he will need a certificate of insurance to do so.

Make sure that the car is registered with the DVLA. This is the responsibility of the seller, and the dealer will usually arrange for the documentation. If the car has been preregistered, ensure that the paperwork is completed so that it can be transferred to you.

Before driving the car away from the garage forecourt, check it carefully for scratches and dents.

Sunday, February 14, 2016

The Best Rated Gas Mileage Vehicles

The three most fuel efficient cars in the market for the 2010 model year consists of two hybrid vehicles. The last car is not a hybrid, but it gets comparable gas mileage. The hybrid is a combination gas/electric vehicle that is made for conserving fuel but not compromising power. These three vehicles offer fuel economy at a reasonable price tag.

The Toyota Prius Hybrid is rated at 48 miles per gallon on the highway and 51 miles per gallon in the city. The Prius has been redesigned as a larger car and will fall in the mid-size class of vehicles. The Prius will still keep the same Hybrid Synergy Drive motor it has patented over the years. The Prius will also offer a larger motor to help increase acceleration and power, but maintaining the fuel economy at an overall average of 50 miles per gallon.

The most comparable vehicle with the Prius is the Honda Insight. The Insight is also a hybrid vehicle and boasts an overall fuel economy at 41 miles per gallon. This would mean 40 miles per gallon in the city and 43 miles per gallon on the highway. The Insight may not offer the same power as it only has 88 horsepower as compared with the Prius' 105 horses. The price tag on the Insight does offer more relief to the price conscientious buyer, however.

The Smart fortwo coupe is a unique vehicle in terms of fuel economy and reliability. The car comes standard with a 1.0-liter engine offering 70 horsepower. The engine has just three cylinders so it can offer 33 miles per gallon in the city and 41 miles per gallon on the highway. This is a combined fuel rating at 36 miles per gallon. The safety features and convenience options such as the automated manual transmission and the electronic stability program. The Smart fortwo coupe is made by Daimler AG, which also produces Mercedes.

Why Are Manual Transmissions No Longer Offered in Cars?

Technology has brought about the rise of the automatic transmission. In the past, manual transmissions had the advantage of being cheaper to purchase, as well as having better gas mileage. Now, the automatic transmission is challenging these advantages.

Advances in science have bolstered the amount of miles per gallon that an automatic consumes. Originally, this was a key selling point for manual transmissions. But now, automatics are beginning to have better mileage overall, negating the advantage of the manual transmission.

In the past, a manual transmission option cost less than a comparable automatic transmission option. Now, they are about $250 more than an automatic transmission.

Automatics are beginning to surpass manuals when it comes to speed abilities. The ability to control the shifting with the manual was an advantage so that speeds could pick up more quickly than a slower gear switching automatic transmission. Now, automatic transmissions can shift faster than the human hand manually shifting.

How to Buy an Old Police Car

Old police cars can be a huge deal for savvy buyers. These cars normally have heavy-duty shocks, breaks and engines. However, these cars may also have seen a lot of overuse and may not be in the best condition.

Instructions

Go to a police car auction or a website like Used Police Cars. Police car auctions are usually widely advertised in newspapers and in the media. In these sales, cars that were seized in criminal investigations are auctioned. Check the listings for any old police cars that might be up for auction as well. Used Police Cars is a website that lists former police cars for sale. You can peruse their stock on the listings.

Check that the police car has been stripped of any indication that it is still a police vehicle. It is illegal to impersonate a police officer. You don't want to get in trouble for appearing to drive a police vehicle.

Ask the seller if the police car you are viewing was an officer car or a department car. This can make a great difference in the condition of the car. An officer car is owned by a single officer and taken home and used in his spare time. While not always the case, it is possible that one of these cars will be better cared for than a department car as the police cruiser is one of an officer's primary forms of transportation.

Determine whether the department was large or small, if the police car was a department model. Smaller forces will have been shared by fewer officers and may be in better condition.

Take the old police car to a trusted mechanic for an inspection before buying it. Just because the car formerly belonged to a municipality, county or state doesn't mean the car is in tip-top condition.

Saturday, February 13, 2016

How to Buy a BMW 3 Series

Th BMW 3 Series is available as a sedan, coupe, convertible or wagon. The series is BMW's best seller in the United States, according to the Edmunds website. For this reason, buying a 3 Series is relatively easy, as it is readily available and affordable compared to other luxury brands. Prices range from about $30,000 up to around $60,000 for base models, with plenty of options to add. Know where to start shopping and how to complete the purchase process.

Instructions

Go to the BMW USA website to familiarize yourself with the 3 Series and its options. Choose the "3" from the top of the page; click on the body style and level you wish to pursue. Keep in mind that the xDrive models offer standard all-wheel-drive, other options offer standard rear-wheel-drive.

Click on "view model highlights" to view the level's standard features. Doing this saves you time at the dealership, as you'll become knowledgeable of which level you want. View "features and specs" from the left side menu at anytime to see a break down of specifications and standard level features.

Click on the "build your own" option. From here, you can build the 3 Series as you see fit. At the same time, you can view pricing for a variety of tempting luxury options. Once you're done building the vehicle, click "print" from the right side menu so that you can use the information for shopping purchases.

Click "estimate a payment" once building is complete. Choose your state from the drop down box and whether you'd prefer to lease or finance from the "options" boxes. Options are already filled out and calculated payments do not include taxes or fees.

Change the down payment amount if you would like. You can also change the rate, although the rate listed is one offered as a special rate from BMW Financial Services. If you do not plan to use BMW's special offer, change the rate to one you see fit (you can check your bank's website for current new-car auto loan rates).

Apply online through BMW Financial Services by clicking "apply online for finance," if you'd prefer. Otherwise, you can contact your bank for a pre-approval to have handy when you visit the dealership. The credit application you submit from the BMW website is forwarded to a local dealer of your choice--you are asked to choose a dealer before submitting.

Contact the local BMW dealership you want to use once you have your pre-approval. Make an appointment or stop in with your 3 Series print-out. Ask to test drive the model you want and find the one you want to buy, whether it is the one you built or a different model built to suit your needs if you've decided on a different level.

Tell the BMW consultant that you have a pre-approval. If it's from a bank other than BMW Financial Services, the consultant will provide you with the information that you'll need to retrieve your check, such as the vehicle identification number (VIN) and buyer's order, which lists all pricing and total finance amount. If financing through BMW Financial Services, the dealer will have your approval on hand and will be able to complete your loan paperwork when you are.

Bring the buyer's order to your financing bank to complete your paperwork. Whether financing through the dealer or independently, you'll need to provide your driver's license, vehicle registration (if transferring plates), most recent paystub and proof of residency, such as a recent utility bill. Give the check to the dealer upon return for pick up, or simply sign all paperwork at the BMW dealership. Provide any down payment at this time.

Sign all of your state's required motor vehicle department forms, as the dealer handles all insurance, plates, taxes and registration paperwork, even if financing independently. Your consultant will explain your vehicle's options and features entirely, secure your plates and provide you with any additional vehicle or state information before you leave in your new 3 Series.

Chevy Novas of the '80s

The fifth generation subcompact 1985 to 1988 Chevrolet Nova was a rebadged Toyota as part of a joint operating agreement between General Motors and Toyota called the New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. -- also known as NUMMI. Chevrolet attempted to revive the Nova nameplate after the fourth generation ended in 1979. Chevrolet applied the Nova badge to the upscale version of the Toyota Corolla, the Sprinter.

General Motors, like the Chrysler Corp. and Ford, struggled in the early 1980s to develop compact economical cars. The gasoline shortages of 1973 and 1978 wreaked havoc on the automotive industry and the Japanese automatics flooded the market with fuel-efficient low-cost cars. To take advantage of Japanese technology GM collaborated with Toyota. Chrysler and Mitsubishi joined and Ford partnered with Mazda. GM and Toyota established NUMMI to manufacture cars at GM's Freemont, California assembly plant. In 1984, the first Toyotas rebadged as GM cars rolled off the assembly line. GM exploited the Nova nameplate by trading on its late 1960s and early 1970s popularity as a compact alternative to the Camaro and Chevelle.

NUMMI brought two advantages to GM. It brought back the Nova and it established greater quality control and better produced cars. It was a front-wheel-drive car based on the Toyota Corolla AE82 platform and equipped with a 1.6-liter engine capable of delivering up to 35 mpg. A poor advertising campaign and the public's inability to accept a subcompact Chevrolet doomed the future of the Nova. The Nova also had a relatively high price tag compared to other Chevys.

The 1985 to 1988 Chevrolet Novas were equipped with the 1.6-liter in-line four-cylinder engine with a 2.99-inch bore and 3.46-inch stroke. It had a 9.4-to-1 compression ratio to generate 90 horsepower and 96 foot-pounds of torque. GM boosted the horsepower output to 112 in 1988. A five-speed manual transmission with overdrive was standard equipment, while the three-speed automatic was optional.

NUMMI placed the Nova on a 95.7-inch wheelbase. The Nova's overall length was 170.3 inches, it was 65.2 inches tall and 52.2 inches wide. The front track width was 56.3 inches and the rear track width was 55.5 inches. The interior featured adequate headroom at 38.4 inches, with the rear headroom measuring 36.4 inches. The front and rear legroom were 40.9 inches and 31.6 inches, respectively. The front shoulder room measured 53.2 inches, and the rear shoulder room was 52.7 inches. Front and rear hip room was 49.7 inches and 53.7 inches, respectively. Its turning diameter was 31.5 feet. The Nova sat on 155/SR13 tires mounted on 13-inch steel wheels. A four-door sedan and five-door hatchback were the available options.

The Corolla/Sprinter/Nova featured independent front suspension, with MacPherson struts in the front and coil springs in the rear. The steering system was a rack-and-pinion type.

Mustang Supercharger Vs. Turbocharger

The debate over whether to supercharge or turbocharge a car is about as old as the car itself. It's no different if the discussion happens to be about the Ford Mustang. Both of these methods are forced induction, which helps the engine produce more power by forcing more air into the motor. Both methods have their benefits and drawbacks. If you're looking for more power from your Mustang, either of these approaches will work.

A turbocharger works off of the exhaust. As air is evacuated from the motor, it enters the turbo housing through a special exhaust manifold. The turbo itself is a round unit that contains a turbine wheel that begins to spin as the exhaust enters the housing. This in turn forces more air into the motor and allows it produce more horsepower. Other components of a turbo kit include a wastegate, which controls the amount of boost that the turbo produces. Companies such as Hellion Power Systems produce complete turbo kits for Mustangs that start at about $4,000 in 2009.

One of the biggest benefits of turbocharging a Mustang is the high power potential. Turbos are very efficient and operate on air that would have simply gone out of the exhaust. It isn't unusual to see twin turbo Mustangs producing 800 or 900 brake horsepower. Unlike the supercharger, the turbo has less parasitic drag on the motor since it is not belt driven.

Because the turbocharger works off of the exhaust, all turbos suffer from some level of turbo lag because the air has to go through the motor before being compressed by the turbo. The amount of lag depends on the type of turbos that are being used. A smaller turbo spins up quicker, but it does not provide as much boost as a larger turbo, which has more lag. Due to the turbos' close proximity to the exhaust manifold, they produce a lot of heat. This in turn is harder on the motor and its components. Because the turbo can produce more boost, there is also the need for more complex engine-control units, which adds to the cost.

A supercharger works on the same concept as a turbo, but it works on incoming air. As the air enters the motor, it is forced through the supercharger and then into the motor. There are three main types of superchargers. The centrifugal unit is similar to a turbo. There is also a roots type and the twin-screw. The latter two look similar, but they rely on different internals to move the air through the housing. Vortech offers a kit for the 1986 to 1993 Mustang V8s that costs just more than $3,000 in September of 2009.

Since superchargers work off of the incoming air, there is less lag as the power builds, particularly in the roots and twin screw types. Superchargers produce less boost than a turbo and therefore less heat. In turn, that means that they are not as hard on the car as a turbo system. Superchargers also have fewer components. It is far easier for someone to install a supercharger themselves than a turbo.

Unlike a turbo, which is simply driven by exhaust gasses as they leave the motor, a supercharger relies on a belt driven off of the engine to spin the blades (or screws) that force the air into the motor. This creates parasitic drag on the motor, so that potential horsepower is not as great.

How to Pay Cash for a Used Car

Todays used car buyer has many more options when it comes to negotiating price and payment terms with a seller. This is especially true when it comes to paying for a used car in cash. Cash gives buyers the ability to own their used car free and clear right after purchase. It also saves the buyer hundreds or even thousands on the cost over the years.

Buying a used car with cash also comes with its own set of challenges, including issues with the bill of sale, title and vehicle registration. Luckily, its not difficult to get around these challenges.

Instructions

Negotiate a price with the car dealership before declaring your intention to pay in cash. Dealerships make more money off a sale if its financed because of the interest involved. If you let them know right away of your intention to pay in cash, then they might increase the price to try and make up the loss of interest revenue.

However, it might work in your favor to let a private seller know of your intention to pay in cash because he wont have to wait for his money. This might help you negotiate a lower price for the vehicle because the seller will receive his money right away.

Get the negotiated price and payment method in writing. Once you both agree on a final price and that youre paying for it in cash, draw up a simple agreement that says both of these things, along with the date when the cash, vehicle and car title will exchange hands. Both you and the seller should sign this and have it notarized by a notary public.

The purpose of this agreement ensures that both parties understand the price and terms of the sale. A document like this can come in handy if the seller changes his mind before the sale is complete.

Purchase the car. On the day of sale, exchange money with the seller only after he signs a valid bill of sale. This bill of sale serves as your receipt and includes many of the same things as the price agreement does, including date of sale, purchase price, payment method and date.

The bill of sale can be a simple document you make on a computer word processing program. Or, you can use a template that can be found on your state's Department of Motor Vehicles website or through a simple Internet search. Youll both sign the bill of sale and you must have it notarized by a notary public.

Also make sure the car title is signed over to you completely and accurately before leaving with the vehicle. You wont be able to register your car in your state without a valid title. If that happens, youll have to get in touch with the seller to have it fixed and theres always the possibility that you wont be able to reach the seller.

Mercedes Benz W460 Specs

The W460 is a member of the Merceded G-Class range of off-roaders which came out in 1979. It was popular with military forces due to the fact that it gave a useful combination of ruggedness, performance and reliability. It had a rather spartan interior, the designers apparently having concentrated more on the actual build of the car. It was available in three body styles.

The W460 has a choice of engines ranging in size. Engine sizes are 2.0 liter, 2.3 liter, 2.8 liter, 2.4 liter, 2.5 liter and 3.0 liter diesel. Available transmissions are four-speed manual, five-speed manual and four-speed automatic. It runs on an indirect injection fuel system. It produces a torque of 113.6/2200-2800 lbs.-ft./RPM.

The truck comes with ABS as optional on later models. Other safety features include child safety locks on the rear doors and the ability to have of three differential locks installed. The car also comes equipped with side-impact door beams.

The W460 has standard power steering. Optional extras include a climate-control system with air conditioning, front and rear electric windows and a sunroof.

Rear wipers and halogen headlights are standard features on the W460. Optional extras include 15-inch alloy wheels and front fog lamps.

The W460 offered a choice between two wheelbases: a short wheelbase of 94.5 inches, or a long wheelbase of 112.2 inches. Three body styles were available: a two-door short wheelbase convertible, a two-door short wheelbase wagon and a four-door long wheelbase wagon. The model was also available as a windowless two-door van.

Thursday, February 11, 2016

1994 1100 Spirit Shadow Specifications

The '94 Shadow 1100 Spirit is a medium-size cruising motorcycle produced by Honda. You can find the bike in several different colors, sch as candy spectra red, South Pacific blue metallic, black, American red, pearl Coronado blue, pearl Atlantis blue, and pearl Bermuda green.

The Shadow 1100 Spirit comes with a 1099 cc, SOHC engine with a three-valve, liquid-cooled, 4- degree V-twin. The compression ratio is 8.0 to 1. It is a four-speed transmission. There are dual 36 mm constant velocity carburetors. The bore is 3.44 inches and the stroke is 3.59 inches. This engine generates 58 horsepower and 70 foot-pounds of torque. The spring loaded rear dual shock suspension is adjustable in five positions.

The gas tank has a capacity of 4.2 gallons with a half-gallon reserve tank. The average gas mileage is 35 mpg.

The weight of the Shadow 1100 is 556 pounds. The seat height is 28.7 inches and the wheelbase is 64.6 inches. The tires are 120/90 x 18 inches.

How to Buy a Classic Ford Truck

Ford trucks have a devoted following. In the last decade or two, the better examples have been getting quite valuable.

Instructions

Consider a 1948 to 1952 Ford F1 for the first post-war generation trucks. These trucks have very distinctive grills.

Look for a 1953 to 1956 F100 for classic lines and the look favored by many hot rodders.

Consider a 1957-66 F100, which represents a complete redesign. These trucks have simpler lines.

Consider a 1967-72 F100 for a more modern truck.

How to Compare Auto Front Seat Legroom

Front seat legroom is important when comparing vehicles for comfort. Automotive companies provide the front legroom space in inches in their specification reports. The three most commonly used sites for automobile reports are NADA, Kelley Blue Book and Edmunds.

Go to NADA's website (see References). Locate the "Reviews" heading on the right side of the screen. Select "Expert Reviews." Choose the make of car on the next screen. On the next page you will be asked to choose the year and model of the car you would like to see. Select the trim package. Scroll down to "Pricing and Specs" and select "Specs & Performance." Scroll down to "Interior Specifications." Front legroom is listed in inches.

Go to Kelley Blue Book's website (see References). Verify that you were not redirected to the beta website, as these directions are specific to the main website. Kelley Blue Book only provides specifications for new cars. Select "Reviews & News" from the blue bar at the top of the screen. Find the box labeled "New Car Reviews and Ratings." You will be asked to select the make and model and click on the red "Go" button. Select the desired car, then select the desired trim. Locate the blue box on the left side of the screen labeled "Specification." Select "Technical Specs." Scroll down to "Dimensions" to find the front leg room listed in inches.

Go to the Edmunds website (see References). Locate the box labeled "Browse by Make." Select the make. You will be asked to select the model on the next page. Find the tab labeled "Reviews & Specs." On the left side, scroll down and click on "Features and Specs." Front legroom will be listed under "Interior" in inches.

Wednesday, February 10, 2016

Grand Vitara Specifications

Included in the Edmunds website's lists of Top 10 Least Expensive SUVs in 2009 and 2010, the Suzuki Grand Vitara offers on-road comfort and off-road capabilities. According to Edmunds' online review of the Suzuki Grand Vitara, the 2010 model is "greatly improved" compared to earlier models, making it a good choice if you need a compact SUV for daily city drives and spontaneous off-road journeys.

The Grand Vitara Limited V6 has a 3.2-liter engine. It has a five-speed automatic transmission, V-6 engine with 230 horsepower and 213 lb-ft. of torque. Using variable valve timing, the Grand Vitara has cleaner emissions and power. The EPA mileage is 23 mpg on the highway and 17 mpg in the city.

The Suzuki Grand Vitara comes with four-mode, full-time four-wheel drive, controlled by a dial. Hill hold and hill descent control gives the Grand Vitara better traction when driving on steep terrain. The Grand Vitara's towing capability is 3,000 pounds.

Leather heated seats, a dual power port to charge two cell phones, and a roomy backseat are some of the Grand Vitara's interior elements. The trunk has a net to hold personal items and an all-weather floor mat. Standard gauges, such as a tachometer, speedometer and fuel and temperature gauges, are on the dash. A Garmin navigation system fits on the dash and is removable. The Grand Vitara has an XM-equipped radio with MP3 and auxiliary inputs. Adding Bluetooth is optional. The Grand Vitara with three doors comes with a seating capacity of four, while the five-door Grand Vitara seats five.

The Suzuki Grand Vitara has large flared fenders and 18-inch alloy wheels. This compact SUV has a uni-body chassis, similar to a car's. Its rigid structure enhances safety and handling. Suzuki has added a ladder frame design to the chassis to differentiate it from other SUVs, claiming it improves towing and off-road capabilities.

Safety features in the Grand Vitara include Electronic Stability Program, or ESP, which combines anti-lock brake system (ABS), traction control, stability control and electronic brake-force distribution (EBD). The Grand Vitara body is designed to direct impact away from the cabin and its passengers. Also available are airbags, child seat anchorages, a high-mount stop lamp and emergency locking retractor seat belts.

Monday, February 8, 2016

Specifications for the 2008 Forest River Surveyor 235

The 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 is two-bedroom recreational vehicle. It includes a king-size bed, twin double bed bunks, a 74-by-40-inch sofa and a full kitchen. The 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 has two floor plans. The main difference between the two plans is the distribution of the twin bunk beds and the inclusion of a game center.

The dry hitch weight of the 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 is 476 pounds, or 216 kilograms. The dry hitch weight of a recreational vehicle is the weight transferred to your towing vehicle without including water and supplies. The unloaded weight of the 235 travel trailer is 4,064 pounds, or 1,843 kilograms.

The 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 can handle up to 2,939 pounds, or 1,333 kilograms, of cargo. The gross vehicle weight rating of the 2008 Forest River Surveyor 235 is 7,476 pounds, or 3,391 kilograms.

The The 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 is 25 feet 8-inches or 7.8 meters long, 8 feet 6-inches high and 96 inches wide.

The 2008 Forester River Surveyor 235 has a fresh water capacity of 36 gallons, a gray water capacity of 30 gallons and a black water capacity of 30 gallons. Gray water is the water accumulated from your sink, shower and bath tub which can be reused.

Disadvantages of Alternative Fuel Vehicles

The truth about the manufacture and operation of alternative fuel vehicles is, as with everything else in life, a mixed bag of benefits and costs. At this point in alternative fuel vehicle development and deployment, none seem to be as pure a choice as the advertising and hype may convey.

Advocates of alternative fuel vehicles can articulate a bevy of reasons to purchase alternative fuel vehicles or to convert your car or business fleet to alternative fuels. What is more rarely discussed are the consumer sacrifices and more importantly the environmental trade-offs made when manufacturing alternative fuel vehicles. The cost of purchase and operation of these cars is a key issue. If you put the cost issue aside, and pursue the switch as an ethical choice, there is the environmental impact of manufacturing the cars and disposing of key parts, a process which may not ever actually be offset by the vehicles' lower emissions.

There are five main categories of alternative fuels in various stages of experimental or developed use today. They include biodiesel, ethanol, propane, natural gas, electricity and hydrogen. Availability and affordability of alternative fuel cars are a basic concern because at present mass produced alternative fuel or hybrid vehicles are sold at a premium in the marketplace and they are a small percentage of car production. Alternative fuels purchased commercially also run at a premium cost when compared to relatively low cost of operating a gasoline powered car mostly due to distribution and access.

Research and development to achieve technological advances to support a broader use of these vehicles is a key question in growing and simplifying this market. In addition, the cost of retooling auto production lines is a challenging proposition during tumultuous times for the auto industry. There are also environmental costs paid into the production and disposal of the materials used in the manufacture of these cars. Examples include the large batteries required in many current designs, the carbon dioxide emitted during the production process, parts shipments that cross the globe and the special handling needed when batteries wear out and require disposal. There are safety challenges in some of the alternatives--liquid hydrogen, for example, can freeze and plug valves and can be dangerous to produce, store and transport in the large commercial volumes necessary to support a broad vehicle market.

In addition to independent automakers, most major automakers have produced various alternative fuel prototypes in the last 10 years. Many currently market alternative fuel vehicles as key parts of their lines and there is an additional market for conversion of existing gasoline fueled vehicles. Many of the most popular vehicles are of a gas-hybrid variety, however, as an industry standard for alternative fuel vehicles has not been determined, efforts remain somewhat disparate and generate confusion in the marketplace.

Irrespective of the current or future environmental benefits that may be found with a broad implementation of one or more alternative fuel standards, none will make a new market without focus and a clearly articulated systemic environmental benefit. Innovation and the marketplace will be determinative. But it will be a slow process, especially in the face of the relative affordability of gasoline and the ubiquity of vehicles on our roads which already run on it.

How Do I Buy a New Car With No Credit Available to Me?

Buying a new car is often difficult. In a poor economy, it can be difficult to obtain a loan. For someone with poor or no credit, it is nearly impossible. However, don't give up just yet; there may be light at the end of the tunnel.

If you have bad credit or no credit history, you may be able to purchase a new car with the help of a co-signer. A co-signer is someone who accepts responsibility for repayment of credit or a loan along with the primary borrower.

In order to find a co-signer, make a list of everyone you know who you suspect has good credit. Then, go through that list and remove the names of the people you know will not act as a co-signer for you. Take the list of remaining names, starting with the person most likely to co-sign for you, and ask them if they are willing. Continue to go down the list until you find someone willing to help you.

Once you have a willing co-signer, take them with you to a dealership to find the vehicle you are interested in purchasing. Advise the salesman of your situation before the application process begins. This way they can acquire all of the necessary information from you as well as your co-signer. If the co-signer has a favorable credit history, in all likelihood, you will be approved for financing. Upon your approval, you can complete the application process. Once the process is completed, you will be the owner of a new vehicle.

It is important to keep in mind that your co-signer has taken on a heavy burden of responsibility. If for any reason you do not make your monthly payments as agreed upon in the terms of your loan contract, it will fall on your co-signers shoulders to do so and could potentially harm their credit. If you are not 100 percent sure of your ability to make your loan payments, you should not ask someone to do you the favor of co-signing on a loan with you.

What to Do if New Car Is a Lemon

When you buy a new car, there is a very slim chance it's a lemon. Also, it will likely be covered with a warranty. But if your dealer is unable to fix your car, you are covered by your state's lemon laws.

Lemon laws take effect if the problem begins soon after you bought your car and it causes a severe impairment to your car. You need to report the problem to your dealer; if they are unable to fix it the lemon law kicks in.

According to Daily Finance, if the car qualifies under the lemon law, your dealer must repurchase the car and also pay you back for all fees and taxes. However, laws will vary from state to state.

If your dealer is unwilling to refund your money for a lemon car, you may have to hire a lawyer to help you with your case. According to Daily Finance, lemon laws allow you to hire a lawyer at no cost.

Sunday, February 7, 2016

Specifications for a 1990 Subaru Justy

The 1990 Subaru Justy roughly marked the middle point of the production cycle of the subcompact Subaru Justy for the United States market; the models were sold there from 1987 to 1994. Notoriously underpowered, the 1990 Subaru Justy--like its siblings before and after it--was a choice for the budget-minded.

The trims available for the 1990 Subaru Justy included the base DL, the middling GL, and the top-of-the-line Fun. Typically a two-door, front-wheel drive hatchback, the Subaru Justy also had a four-door, four-wheel drive (4WD) version of the GL, as well as the GL 4WD and Fun 4WD.

Only the DL has the 1.2-liter, 66-horsepower 3-cylinder engine with 70 ft. lbs. of torque. The other trims have the same engines, but with seven more horses and 71 ft. lbs. of torque. The standard transmission is a 5-speed manual overdrive, although there was an option to get a 4-speed automatic. With a gas tank capacity of 9.2 gallons, 1990 Subaru Justys can get fuel economies of 33 mpg in town and 37 mpg on the highway with the 66-horsepower engine and 29 mpg in town and 33 mpg on the highway with the 73-horsepower engine.

The 1990 Subaru Justy is practically bare in terms of safety features. Besides the customary seat belts and door locks, there is an absence of components such as airbags, traction control, vehicle anti-theft system and keyless entry.

With a seating capacity for up to four passengers, the 1990 Subaru Justy is far from the roomiest car ever manufactured. Also, it is rather skimpy on interior features in general; besides the tachometer, there is no standard air conditioning, cruise control or stereo system.

Save for the aptly named GL 4-Door 4WD, the 1990 Subaru Justy has two doors. The DL has 12-inch wheels while the other trims have 13-inch wheels. The vehicle has the customary windshield wipers, and head, tail and corner lamps. Otherwise it is bare in terms of exterior accoutrements such as rear spoilers and fog lamps.

Saturday, February 6, 2016

How to Buy a Used Airstream

Airstream campers are popular travel trailers sold and used many years after they are made. If you are thinking about getting one of these metal campers, you will discover that the model years sold go back to the 1950s. After you decide on the model in which you are interested, it might take you a while to locate it. Airstream owners don't let go of their campers often. If you are less picky about the model or year, then you might be able to purchase a camper quicker.

Instructions

Find the used Airstream camper you want to purchase. You can look at dealers near you that sell Airstreams as well as search several online sites that specialize in Airstreams for sale listings such as Used Airstream, Airstream Trailers and Motor Home RV. Links to these sites are provided in Resources.

Research the model of the Airstream camper you are considering to make sure the asking price is fair. Compare the price with other similar Airstream campers as well as the price listing of the Airstream model in NADA, which lists Airstreams through 1975.

Determine the cost of repairs of any damages to the Airstream. Contact mechanics, carpenters, electricians and other repairmen to get estimates. Subtract these costs from the value you came up with for the camper. Also add in any improvements beyond normal repairs such as new wood cabinets or a flat screen TV. Compare this to the asking price to decide how to negotiate if you do not feel the price is right.

Negotiate and decide on a price with the seller. Pay the price that you settle on or obtain financing from a bank for the cost.

Friday, February 5, 2016

How to Find Out If a Car Has Been Wrecked

When shopping for a new-to-you vehicle, one of the first questions you may have for the seller is, "Has it been wrecked?" In many cases, the seller may answer, "No," even if the vehicle has been involved in an accident. For this reason, it's best to protect yourself to ensure that you aren't buying a previously wrecked or rebuilt vehicle. There are a few ways you can go about doing this.

Instructions

Determine which vehicle history report service you want to use. The two major services are Carfax and Autocheck, which is offered by the credit-reporting agency Experian. An additional competitor is Instavin, which offers history reports by text message. If the vehicle you're looking at is for sale on a dealer's lot, you may be able to get the dealer to provide a Carfax report for free.

Get the car's VIN (Vehicle Identification Number). You can locate this 17-digit serial number beneath the driver's side part of the windshield; it's also visible on the driver's doorjamb. Visit the website for the vehicle history report service that you want to use, and follow the directions to enter the VIN and pay for your history report.

Review the history report carefully. If the vehicle has been involved in an accident, and that accident has been reported to the service you're using, it will show up on the report. Look for anything suspicious, such as "Accident Reported" or "Body Shop Work Performed." Sometimes, more details such as the extent of the damage will be listed. If the vehicle's history report is clean, still proceed with having the vehicle inspected if you want to determine whether it has been in an accident or has had body work.

Walk around the vehicle, examining the body panels carefully. Check the width of the door and panel gaps. They should be even all the way around. If one body panel seems out of whack, it could be a sign that the vehicle has been in an accident and has been repaired.

Check the paint carefully, making sure it isn't brighter or duller in some spots than others. Also, be on the lookout for "orange peel," which may indicate that the vehicle has been repainted. Orange peel is just thatit looks like the surface of an orange. This isn't necessarily a sign of repainting, as some new vehicles have a certain amount of orange peel; it depends on the manufacturer's painting process.

Bring the vehicle to a certified mechanic or body-shop professional. He will be able to inspect the vehicle more thoroughly and determine if it has been in an accident and/or had body work. Ask him to lift the vehicle and check the frame for signs of damage or repair as well.

Monday, February 29, 2016

Instructions

Instructions

Engine, Transmission and Fuel Economy

Safety Features

Interior Features

Exterior Features

Price Range

Sunday, February 28, 2016

Instructions

History

Facts

Features

Expert Insight

Considerations

Instructions

Friday, February 26, 2016

State Acceptance

Insurance

Damage to the Vehicle

Bottom Dollar

Thursday, February 25, 2016

Engine

Brakes

Suspension

Dimensions

Features

Instructions

Wednesday, February 24, 2016

State Laws

Disclosure

What's Covered

What is a Brand?

Salvaged

Original and Prior Brandings

Non-USA

Warranty Return

Re-manufactured

Engines

Brakes and Suspension

Size

Tuesday, February 23, 2016

Porsche Cayenne S Hybrid

BMW X6 Hybrid

Cadillac Escalade Hybrid

Mercedes-Benz ML 450 Hybrid

Lexus RX400H

Monday, February 22, 2016

Lemons

What Constitutes a Lemon

Why State Laws Vary

Sunday, February 21, 2016

Model and Production

Engine

Trim Levels

Dimensions

Other Specs

Saturday, February 20, 2016

Instructions

Instructions

Fundamentals of the VTEC System

i-VTEC

Engine Improvements and Specific i-VTEC Profiles

AVTEC

Instructions

Friday, February 19, 2016

Instructions

Purchase a Used Car

Instructions

Instructions

Avoid Warranty Issues

File a Claim

Wednesday, February 17, 2016

Preparation

Legalities

Inspections

Transport Time

Door-to-Door Delivery

Monday, February 15, 2016

Instructions