Things to Know Before Buying a New Car

Because of the wealth of information available online, dealers have become more creative in order to make a profit. Aside from more common negotiation and dealer strategies, there are other financial issues to consider when purchasing a brand-new car that may end up saving you money.

The Selling Price

Some people have trouble identifying the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP) sticker, or window sticker, while on the dealers lot. Through no fault of the car lot shopper, some dealers make this as confusing as possible. The window sticker is only one item and is located on one of the new car windows. Watch out for an additional sticker next to it, as these are dealer add-ons. The sticker is called an addendum, and is used for maximum dealer profit. Some dealers stick them on every new car. Start at the window sticker price for negotiations or pricing, not the addendum price. Unless you want to buy the items you see, which are marked up in price, the dealer hopes you assume the list is part of the selling price. Additionally, when looking at the window sticker, you'll see a transportation fee. The dealer paid that amount to have the vehicle transported to his lot, and the price is not negotiable, as some believe it is. The fee is simply part of the new-car price.

Financing

You should obtain a pre-approval before you finance a new car from the dealership. Unless you're taking advantage of a manufacturer's incentive, such as zero-percent, the dealer will offer to provide you with financing. When you apply for a manufacturer's special finance rate, you are either approved or you are not, there is no in between. Other lenders that the dealer uses can approve you, but not everyone is guaranteed the lowest rate. Dealers are paid by the lender for increasing your rate. In fact, the dealer is paid just for using the lender, but even more for adding points to your financing rate. If you have a pre-approval and a rate to beat, the dealer may be more than happy to beat it, and probably can.

Negotiations

Buyers often believe that the price of a vehicle is the only negotiating point for the car buying process. However, plenty of people also successfully negotiate free servicing or vehicle accessories. If you have agreed on price and know you're going to make a purchase, you might tell the dealer you will purchase, if items such as a year's worth of oil changes or all-weather floormats are included. You have nothing to lose by bringing up additional items before you commit to the purchase.

2000 Audi A6 2.7 Turbo Quattro Specs

The Audi A6 was introduced in 1995, being redesigned in 1998 and 2005. The German automaker marketed the A6 as a luxury-sports sedan, incorporating state-of-the-art technology and performance.

Engine

The 2000 Audi A6 has a 2.7L turbocharged DOHC-V6 engine, producing 258 foot-pounds of torque at 1,850 rpm and 250 hp at 5,800 rpm. The engine has a compression ratio of 9.3:1, featuring five valves per cylinder. As a standard feature, a five-speed automatic transmission was offered, along with the option of a six-speed manual.

Interior

The Audi A6 has 39.3 inches of headroom and 41.3 inches of legroom. There is 56.2 inches of shoulder room. The car has a seating capacity of five people.

Exterior

The A6 is 57.2 inches tall and 192 inches in length. It is 71.3 inches wide and has a wheelbase of 108.7 inches. The curb weight of the A6 is 3,560 lbs.

Fuel

Both the automatic and manual transmissions have the same fuel economy rating, 17 mpg in the city and 24 mpg on the highway. The A6 has a fuel capacity of 18.5 gallons.

Wheels/Tires

The wheels are sixteen inches and are constructed of alloy. The front tires are P205/55HR16 and the rear tires are P205/55HR16.

What Are Differences Between the Regular & Hybrid Camry?

Gas prices have been on the rise in the United States. As the dollar value at the pump climbs, more consumers are beginning to consider vehicles with higher fuel efficiency. But fuel efficiency is only one aspect to consider when car shopping. A comparison of a 2011 Toyota Camry and a 2011 Toyota Camry Hybrid offers insight into key features, costs and benefits to weigh during your search for the perfect vehicle.

Sticker Shock

The purchase of a new vehicle requires consideration and cost comparison.

Purchasing a new or used Toyota Camry is bound to put a solid dent in your wallet. A 2011 Camry Hybrid costs about $6,000 more than a regular Camry. according to Toyota. While many people consider buying a hybrid vehicle because of savings at the gas pump, the additional outright expenses must be factored in. Not only does the Camry hybrid cost more, but state taxes and registration fees will also be higher than a standard Camry. The IRS offers tax credits for consumers who purchase qualified hybrid vehicles, but these tax credits have not been available for the Camry since 2008.

Fuel Efficiency

Gas is refined and transported around the world to fuel the transportation of your vehicle.

The primary reason most consumers purchase a Camry Hybrid is to gain higher fuel efficiency. The 2011 Camry Hybrid gets an average of 33 miles per gallon while the standard Camry only gets an average of 26 miles per gallon. This difference in miles per gallon is significant, but every consumer will need to calculate whether gaining an extra seven miles per gallon will save enough money to make the additional vehicle expenses worthwhile. While fuel efficiency will pay off in the long run, the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the Camry Hybrid will benefit the environment every time it's driven.

Features

The interior of a standard Camry is almost identical to the Camry Hybrid.

Most features for the 2011 standard Camry and the Camry Hybrid are similar. The primary differences are in size and horsepower. The standard Camry has the capacity to store up to 15 cubic feet of your gym clothes, beach gear and kiddie toys, but the hybrid can only squeeze in 10.6 cubic feet of goods. In addition to having a fractional amount of additional leg and shoulder room in the standard Camry, it is also able to tow up to 1,000 pounds while the Camry Hybrid is not recommended for towing.

Performance

Engines are the heart of a car.

The standard Camry actually has less horsepower than the Camry Hybrid, but its torque is much higher. This means that the standard Camry engine with higher torque will accelerate faster and feel more powerful even though the Camry Hybrid has more horsepower. The standard Camry, which has less horsepower, must work harder to reach the same speed as the hybrid and this will, over time, cause higher wear and tear on the engine.

About Leasing a Porsche

Leasing a Porsche is just like leasing any other vehicle. You need to do your research before heading down to the dealership. Online is a good place to begin research. Checking current market values, lease specials and cash back offers will help you in getting a lease deal that suits your needs.

Online Research

Begin by checking websites such as http://www.edmunds.com and http://www.cars.com to find what others are paying for the same Porsche you are looking for in your area. Edmunds has a "What others are paying" tab. The website also provides a list of incentives, current money factor (the interest rate used for the lease) and residual values that will give you tools when you begin negotiating.

Dealer Visit

Before you begin asking for quotes for a lease, you should head down to your local dealer and take a vehicle out for a test drive. Make sure that it suits your needs. Also, while you are at the dealership, ask to see available colors in person, different trim levels and options for the vehicle. Seeing these things in person rather than on your computer screen makes a big difference and will help you make an educated decision.

Get a Quote

Start getting quotes. Most dealership websites have a section that will allow you to request a quote online. Take the information that you've currently gathered from your online research and make the dealership aware that you know the money factor, residual value and selling price of the specific vehicle in your area. This will help cut down the "back and forth" negotiating between you and the salesperson.

Choosing the best quote

Sometimes, when shopping for a vehicle online, the lowest number is not always the best quote. Make sure that the quote you received has all the options and color combinations you wanted on your new Porsche lease. If you are open to colors, make sure that it has all the options you want. If you are very color-specific, make sure it has the bare minimum of what you want on your new Porsche.

Picking up your Porsche

After you've narrowed it down to a specific Porsche dealer for your new lease, give your salesperson a call and go over everything prior to going down to the dealership to do all of the paperwork. Ask when the vehicle will be ready for you to do a final inspection. Have the dealership fully detail the car and clean the interior and exterior, so that you can check for dings, dents or scratches before driving away.

South African Policy on Imported Cars From Japan

It's entirely legitimate to buy and import any vehicle into South Africa, but be sure to have the required permits and permission before doing so. Some Japanese car importers outline these requirements to make importing a Japanese car into South Africa easier.

Import Permit

All new and used vehicles that are imported into South Africa require permits for permanent importation. The application must be filled out and approved before a vehicle is shipped to South Africa. The Director of Import and Export Control provides these permits, and applications should be sent to this office. Note that permits for import are only sent to South African addresses, so you can't apply from outside the country.

Letter of Authority

In addition to an import permit, a car that is being imported permanently requires a letter of authority from the South African Bureau of Standards. Because Japanese vehicles are left-hand drive, a special letter of authority is required. The vehicle cannot be registered in the name of the importer --- these request are usually denied, according to Japanese Auto Auctions.

Duties

A value-added tax of 14 percent applies to all cars imported into South Africa in addition to a 36 percent customs duty tax. If the car is more than 20 years old, this duty is reduced to 20 percent. An additional ad valorem duty is also applied, depending on the value of the car (from a minimum of 0.75 percent to a maximum of 20 percent).

What to Avoid in a Used Minivan

In order to save money, many families turn to buying quality used vehicles instead of purchasing them new. Minivans are a popular method of transportation for those with many children, as they allow the family to travel comfortably and safely all at one time.

Safety

The first consideration you should make regarding your purchase is its safety features. Make sure that the minivan is not being sold because its air bags, anti-lock brakes or alarms (if you plan to use them) are broken beyond the point of repair. It is not worth the life and health of your family to save money by disregarding whether or not these features are operational.

Fuel Efficiency

Similar to safety features, check whether your minivan was cast off because of fuel efficiency concerns. Although not the best vehicles when it comes to conserving gas, if you plan to travel many miles with your family in a minivan, discuss the annual operating costs with the former owner if possible.

Appearance

Last but not least are the sanitation and cosmetic considerations of a used minivan. Since these vehicles are often used to transport small children, be sure to give the interior a thorough examination for stains, crumbs and other types of debris that you may find unacceptable in a used car.

What is the Difference Between a Chevrolet Tahoe LT & an LS?

The current Chevrolet Tahoe lineup was introduced in 2007, featuring a new body and added features across the board. The Tahoe is Chevy's base SUV model, coming in as a shorter version of the Suburban. This makes it a more performance-minded choice for consumers, as well as slightly easier on the gas. Some of the main highlights of the revamped Tahoe range include more interior space, finely tuned V8 power and new tech extras like a beefed up StabiliTrak system for better road handling.

Identification

Both the LS and LT designations are just trim levels--the basics of both are the same, and it's the same vehicle after all. However, the LS is the entry level trim, while the LT is a few steps up--providing more luxury options. Both have a wheelbase of 116 inches and weigh 5581 lbs. Both feature a gross weight of 7300 lbs.

Power

When the current Tahoe came out in 2007, GM offered it in three engine variations, including a smaller 4.8 liter V8. However, existing configurations are limited to the standard 5.3 liter V8, which makes around 320 horsepower and 340 ft/lb in torque. Both the LS and LT have a six speed automatic transmission and 3.42 gears. Both benefit from four wheel disc brakes, and can be either 2WD or 4X4.
There's an optional 6.0 liter hybrid motor available for Tahoes, making 332 horsepower and 367 ft/lb in torque.

Safety and interior

The main differences between the LS and LT are in the amount of luxury items available or included. Many such comforts are simply not offered for the LS entry model. For example, the LT can come with fog lamps while these are not offered on the LS.
The interior of the car is where many of these differences can be found--climate control can be added to the LT, while LS buyers need to settle for very basic heat and A/C.
The LS can seat nine people because it has a bench seat up front, while the LT can only accommodate eight--but gets more comfortable bucket seats in trade.

Entertainment

Both have extensive audio features, including MP3 connectivity and XM radio for 3 months on trial. The LT adds to this a standard CD changer (LS only gets one CD) and an available, fully-fledged entertainment system, including TV screens and a universal remote.

Exterior

Rims are another difference potential buyers may want to consider--the LS has standard 17 inch wheels, while the LT goes on fancier 18 inch rims with sportier tires. A remote starter system is offered for the LT, as is a backup assist sensor. Other minor differences to keep in mind are side-view mirror turn signals which are available on the LT.

Handling and Efficiency

In this department there's almost no difference between the two. Both get around 14 MPG in the city and 20 MPG highway, both have a standard traction control system that handles well in inclement weather conditions, and both get the same 26 gallon fuel tank. Suspension and frame components are exactly the same for all Tahoe models, not just the LS and LT.

Considerations

Chevrolet offers a "build your own" option for all cars, making a mix and match of features possible in many cases. Of course, dealer stock will likely be limited to factory presets such as the LS and LT. Note that GM considers the LT as two trim levels, designated LT 1LT and LT 2LT. The features described above are a generalization of both LT specs, so check with your dealer when looking into a purchase.
Also, a base LT without the "available" options added is almost the same as a regular LS. The price difference between the two is significant--LS starts at around $36,000, while the LT is closer to $44,000.

Ford Van Specifications

Ford E-Series vehicles are full-size passenger and cargo vans built on a truck frame, and have been in production since 1961. Their sibling is the Ford F-Series pickup truck. The E-Series van, also called the Econoline, comes as the half-ton E-150, the three-quarter-ton E-250 and the one-ton E-350. The E-Series can accommodate from eight to 15 passengers depending on the model.

Size

Ford places all 2011 E-Series full-size vans on a 138-inch wheelbase. The E-150 and E-250 are 216.7 inches long and 79.4 inches wide. The E-150 is 82.1 inches tall, with the E-250 1 inch taller. The E-350 is 236.7 inches long, 79.4 inches wide and 82.3 inches tall. The E-150 carries up to eight passengers, the E-250 up to 12 and the E-350 up to 15.

Power

Three engines are available for the 2011 E-Series van: the 225-horsepower 4.6-liter Triton V8, the 255-hp 5.4-liter Triton V8 and the 305-hp V10. The 4.6-liter generates 286 foot-pounds of torque, which is the twisting force developed inside the engine to give the van acceleration. The 5.4-liter V8 version provides 350 foot-pounds of torque, and the V10 develops 420 foot-pounds of torque. The 4.6-liter model has a 3.55-inch bore and 3.54-inch stroke. The 5.4-liter V8 and V10 have a 3.55-inch bore and 4.16-inch stroke. A four-speed automatic transmission transmits the power to the wheels on the E-150. The four-speed or the optional five-speed automatic serves the E-250. The E-350 gets the five-speed automatic as standard equipment.

Fuel

The 4.6-liter and 5.4-liter V8s can be equipped with a flex-fuel system that allows the engine to operate on 15 percent unleaded 87-octane gasoline and 85 percent ethanol. The engines can also run on 100 percent gasoline. Ford did not offer an E-Series Hybrid in 2010.

Chassis

A Twin I-beam with computer-operated coil springs and stabilizer bar serves as the front suspension. A two-stage multi-leaf spring system with a solid axle is in the rear. Heavy-duty gas shock absorbers are at the four corners. All vans have four-wheel disc brakes.

Capacities

The 2011 Ford E-150 powered by the 4.6-liter V8 and equipped with a 4:1 axle ratio, and is capable of towing up to 6,100 pounds with eight occupants. The 5.4-liter V8 version can tow up to 7,000 pounds and carry eight people. The 5.8-liter V8-powered E-250, with a 4:1 axle ratio, can tow up to 6,701 pounds. The E-350, equipped with the 5.4-liter V8 and a 3.73:1 or 4:1 axle ratio, and carrying up to 11 people, can haul up to 6,500 pounds. The V10-powered E-350, with a 4:1 axle ratio and up to 15 occupants, can tow 10,000 pounds, according to the Ford Motor Company. Cargo capacity is up to 251.7 cubic feet.

What Is a Factory Invoice?

When you buy a new car, you should do thorough research to help you determine a fair price and get the best deal possible. One of the best research tools is the factory invoice. You should know exactly what a factory invoice is, what it contains and what it actually means. Factory invoices are widely available for virtually all car models, so when you understand the information they contain you can use it in your negotiations.

Definition

A factory invoice is a document that lists details about a new car, including its standard equipment and manufacturer-installed options. It will also list the cost for these items. The figures on a factory invoice represent the cost paid by the dealer rather than the suggested retail price for consumers. Invoices also contain the destination charge, a fee for transportation of the vehicle to the dealership.

Meaning

Many car buyers believe that the factory invoice represents the actual cost of the vehicle to the dealer. Terry Jackson of Bankrate.com says this is not true. While it gives a general idea of the vehicle's cost, this is offset by factory-to-dealer incentives and hold-back amounts that are paid to the dealer by the manufacturer when a car is sold. Invoice prices may also be discounted for high-volume dealerships.

Access

You can have easy access to factory invoice pricing from automotive websites like Kelly Blue Book or Edmunds. Look at more than one website to make sure the invoice pricing matches. If there is a difference, it may mean that the factory has raised its prices and some of the websites are not updated yet.

Use

Use the factory invoice as one piece of information when you are negotiating to buy a new car. Get information on factory-to-dealer incentives and hold-backs so you can subtract them from the factory invoice to determine an accurate wholesale cost. Check automotive forums on sites like Edmunds to see what consumers are paying for similar vehicles in your area. Use all of this data to come up with a fair offer for the vehicle you want to purchase.

Warning

Dealers will be reluctant to lose their hold-back and incentives, as they need to make a profit. They may be willing to sell you a car at, or even below, factory invoice if it is a slow-selling model or if they really need to make a sale. In the case of popular models, there will be much less room for negotiation. At best, they will want you to pay some amount over the invoice price. In the case of the hottest new cars, they may insist that you pay the retail price or more.

How to Check a Used Car's Engine

Buying a pre-owned car can save you thousands of dollars, unless you make the mistake of purchasing a vehicle with mechanical problems. One of the biggest issues with buying a used car is determining engine condition. By taking the time to give the car a proper test-drive and conduct a thorough inspection of the vehicle's engine, you can help ensure you're getting an automobile that still has plenty of miles left on it.

Instructions

Inspection

1

Check the odometer. If it reads much over 100,000 miles the engine may be reaching the end of its life and you should probably move on to another vehicle, unless you are prepared to pay for a new engine.

2

Lift the hood and start the car. The engine should run smoothly, without surging or stalling. Listen for any unusual noises; loud knocking, pinging or grinding sounds that indicate excessive internal wear. The exception to this is a diesel engine, in which case a pinging-rattling sound is normal.

3

Drive the car for several miles around the city and on the highway, testing for acceleration while paying attention for vibrations that may indicate misfiring. Watch for smoke while accelerating. Blue, black or white smoke indicates a needed repair. A little black smoke at start-up is normal with a diesel engine. Check that the gauges are all operating in their normal ranges and that the "check engine" light is not coming on.

4

Park in a level spot and open the hood. Look under the vehicle for leaks. Turn the engine off and remove the engine oil dipstick. Using a rag, check that the oil is clear to light brown and at least up to the lower mark on the stick. Black oil, or carbon deposits on the stick indicate neglect. A light grayish colored froth on the stick generally indicates water is leaking into the engine from a blown gasket or warped head, probably from overheating.

5

Examine all surfaces of the engine, looking for fluid leaks. Dealers will usually steam-clean the engine, removing grease and grime. This will allow you to detect any leaks or seepage from gaskets and also to see if any areas have been recently repaired. Look for new spots of silicone gasket material that look new or out of place that can indicate a spot-repair. This can mean an expensive repair down the road if the engine needs to be disassembled to replace a gasket. Note that water condensation around the AC compressor, or on the pavement, is normal if the air conditioning has been running.

6

Remove the oil-fill cap and shine the flashlight inside. Look on the internal surfaces for think black gunk or sludge buildup. This indicates, at best, that the engine has not been serviced regularly.

7

Look for bulging gaskets, striped bolts and loose wires, all of which indicate the vehicle has not been properly maintained. Finally, timing belts need to be changed at certain intervals, depending on the manufacturer. Try to ascertain if has been changed, or if is getting close to needing a change. The belt may not be visible due to a protective cover, so ask the dealer or owner if it has been changed. If a receipt can't be produced, assume it has not been done.

1986 Volkswagen Vanagon Safety Features

The Volkswagen Vanagon was a rear engine, camper-styled van first available in the United States in 1980. Volkswagen produced the European and American version of the Vanagon into the early nineties. Powered by a 1.9-liter fuel injected, water-cooled 1915cc engine, the camper included interior features such as a fold-out bed, stove, refrigerator, table, cabinets and small closet. The 1986 Vanagon received four safety recalls and had mediocre crash test results. Following scheduled maintenance and repairing recalled items increased vehicle and occupant safety.

Recalls

On April 14, 1987, Volkswagen released two fuel system recalls for the 1986 Vanagon. VW estimated 339 vehicles received a defective fuel tank filler neck pipe and deformed sending unit cover, potentially causing a fuel leak through the fuel tank opening. Such leaks increased the chances of a vehicle fire. The second recall affected the fuel tank of an estimated 15,500 vehicles. Under engine stress, fuel with a REID vapor pressure of 14 PSI stalled the engine. VW remedied these two recalls by replacing the fuel tank, filler neck pipe and sending unit gasket. On March 23, 1988, Volkswagen released another fuel system recall for an estimated 12,000 Vanagons. A defective in-line fuel filter increased the likelihood of fuel seepage and fire. VW remedied the recall by replacing the in-line fuel filter with a straight fuel hose. On October 29, 1993, Volkswagen released a final recall for the 1986 Vanagon. An estimated 29,500 vehicles had defective plastic supporting the center air duct. VW fixed the problem by installing a reinforcement plate around the center and rear airflow ducts.

Crash Test Results

The National Traffic and Highway Safety Administration reported the Vanagon received one star in front impact tests and three stars in side impact tests. One star in frontal impact tests represents a 46 percent or greater chance of serious injury during collision. Three stars in side impact tests represent an 11 to 20 percent chance of serious injury during collision.

Features

The 1986 Vanagon GL received an EPA estimated 16 miles per gallon in the city and 18 miles per gallon on the highway. The engine produced 95 horsepower at 4,800 rpm. A sunroof, rear window wiper, and power door locks were available options. A four-wheel-drive model and camper edition were also available.

Scheduled Maintenance

Refer to your vehicle owner's manual for a description of the Volkswagen maintenance schedule. Follow recommended service and repair to maintain vehicle performance and safety. For example, replace the fuel filter, spark plugs, air filter and valve cover gaskets at 90,000 miles.

How to Buy a Second Hand Car in the United Kingdom

You can buy second-hand cars at most car dealers or through private sales in the United Kingdom. The advantage of buying from a garage is that you will usually get some sort of parts and breakdown guarantee for at least six months, and often up to one year. If you decide to go privately, magazines such as Exchange and Mart lists cars in your area. Check the local newspapers and notice boards at your local supermarket. Online UK auctions are also another good option, as many used car dealers and garages advertise and sell their cars through auction websites.

Instructions

1

Decide what type of car you want to buy. If you find one via a private seller, check that the car is legally registered. You will find this information on the V5C registration certificate or log book.

2

Check the log book for details of the car, including past owners, date of sales, name and address of current owner, chassis number, registration number, car make and model, year and color. Verify the document is watermarked to show it is the original. Check the car's service history and mileage. Check the tax disc is current.

3

Match the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) to the number on the registration documents. You will find the VIN number in three places: on the windshield next to the tax disc, somewhere under the hood, and somewhere else on the body of the car, depending on the make of the vehicle. Ask the current owner where you can find it.

4

Check the current Ministry of Transport (MOT) certificate. This is mandatory for cars over three years old and must be up-to-date and valid. Have a good look at the body work of the car for any signs of major accident repairs.

5

Check for oil leaks, damaged hoses, wear and tear to the upholstery, tread on the tires, rusty bits, strange holes, working windshield wipers, lights, dashboard lights, working electric windows and central locking. You don't need to be a car mechanic to do this basic check.

6

Call in a professional if you are in doubt about the car's mechanics. The Automobile Association (AA) or Royal Automobile Club (RAC) will inspect the car and give you a full report for a relatively small fee.

7

Fill in your name and address and sign the bottom of the change of ownership tear-off section on the registration documents, once you are confident the car is a good buy. The current owner must fill this document out and sign it as well.

8

Send the paperwork to the Drivers Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) in Swansea, or go to your nearest local office, and they will issue you with new registration papers in your name.

What Incentives & Holdbacks Do Auto Dealers Receive?

Car dealerships receive various incentives and holdback amounts from manufacturers each time they sell a vehicle. These amounts are in addition to rebates, which are passed from the manufacturer to the customer.

Types

Dealerships receive a holdback, which is money intended to offset the normal costs of doing business, on each vehicle. A holdback ranges from 2 to 3 percent of the dealership's cost for a vehicle, so on a $20,000 car, a dealership will receive a holdback between $400 and $600.

Dealer cash is also used to help a dealer increase profit on a sale. This amount is usually offered on vehicles that are in low demand, and dealer cash may or may not be passed on to the customer at the dealership's discretion.

Benefits

Dealer incentives and holdbacks allow a dealership to remain profitable on a sale, even if they sell a vehicle at invoice, which is a dealership's approximate cost for a vehicle. This results in better deals for consumers.

Significance

Dealer incentives and holdbacks can help a manufacturer move a larger volume of vehicles that are otherwise selling poorly. Be sure to ask a dealership if they have any dealer cash available, so you can get the best deal possible.

Effects

Some manufacturers emphasize manufacturer-to-customer incentives, which must be passed on to the end customer. Other brands, primarily import and luxury brands, emphasize dealer incentives. In either case, the rising amount of incentives used in transactions leaves consumers wanting even larger discounts.

Expert Insight

Websites such as Edmunds and CarsDirect provide information on current incentives and can put you in touch with local dealerships. Internet sales managers are more apt to let you know about dealer cash and holdbacks than a regular floor salesperson.

How to Bid at a Vehicle Auction

If you have never attended an auto auction before, you should familiarize yourself with the process in order to make the process go smoothly. Vehicle auctions are public and private events where attendees compete to get the best price on automobiles. You need to know the bidding process at vehicle auctions so that you are prepared to pay for the vehicle at auction's end.

Instructions

1

Register at the auction house where the vehicle auction is being held. The registrar will require that you provide your name and contact details. In return, you receive a bidding number to use for the auctions. You are also given an auction catalog with the specs of each vehicle that is available for bidding.

2

Inspect the cars available for auction. Before bidding, you should have an idea about the vehicles in the lot and know which cars you plan to bid on. Look in the interior and under the hood for any potential problems. Inspect the exterior for flaws. Keep in mind you won't be able to test drive any of the auction vehicles.

3

Determine the range you wish to spend on the auction automobiles. It's not a bad idea to bring along a copy of the Kelley Blue Book, a manual that provides used car values.

4

Read the terms and conditions of the auto auction sale contract. You might be subject to a surcharge that is 5 percent to 20 percent more than the winning bid. Also, you might have to pay in cash immediately after the auction ends or be considered in default and subject to legal action.

5

Decide when the best time to enter your first bid is. If no one else is interested in a car, you can enter the first bid or wait until later in the bidding process to enter the fray. You will use either hand signals or paddles to enter your bid on a car. The final bidder with the highest price is the winner.

How to Check for Stolen Motorcycle VIN Numbers

A motorcyle Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is a unique identifier that is stamped on your motorcycle at the factory. You can use your motorcycle's VIN to find out where the motorcycle was registered and its titles, its accident history and its number of owners. While there are many online companies willing to charge you a fee for running a motorcycle VIN, checking the VIN against a list of stolen motorcycles is actually a function of your local police department. Checking your motorbike's VIN with the police will give you access to the most up-to-date stolen motorcycle information.

Instructions

1

Check your motorbike for the VIN. If your bike was made after 1970, it will have a tag somewhere on the frame. Earlier bikes may have a VIN on the frame or on the engine case.

2

Write down your VIN.

3

Take the VIN to your local police station and ask them to perform a VIN check. You may be charged a fee for the service.

How to Find Car Auctions in Houston, Texas

There's more to bargain car sales than secondhand-car dealers and major dealerships. With time and patience, you can find the perfect car at a police or state auction. Autos come to auctions when they are repossessed to pay off debts. Many cities in America have these auctions and Houston, Texas, is no exception. Finding an auto auction in Houston is not difficult.

Instructions

1

Phone the Houston Police Auction line at 713-247-5812. The operator will be able to give you up-to-date information on the latest police auctions in Houston and what items will be auctioned off.

2

Check local newspapers and news websites such as the Houston Chronicle and auto magazines such as Automobile Magazine. Some have listings in the back relating to car sales, deals and upcoming auctions.

3

Search the Internet for auction websites and announcements. Check websites like Yellow Pages and Super Pages for car auctions in Houston. You can try national sites such as Copart and Propertyroom that might have cars for auction in Houston.

4

Join a car auction site such as Houston Auto Auction or Auctionspass. These sites make life easier for those who want to buy cheaper cars at auction but who do not have the time or energy to visit auctions in person.

5

Ask friends and colleagues if they know of any auto auctions going on in town.

2003 Jeep Wrangler Specs

The Jeep Wrangler is a popular and compact four-wheel-drive sport utility vehicle that was introduced in 1987 with a design appropriated from the Willys-crafted military Jeeps of the 1950s. These modern Jeeps eventually became symbolic of an American culture that wanted the comfort and convenience of standard automobiles combined with the rugged off-roading ability of all-terrain vehicles. In 2003, Jeep introduced the Rubicon and made a new transmission, engine and four-wheel disc brakes available, among other features.

Interior

The Wrangler has vinyl upholstery on its bucket seats, a fold-and-tumble rear seat that can be easily removed, a plastic steering wheel, power steering and doors with pockets for both the driver and passenger. The uniquely designed dashboard includes a tachometer, ventilation system, low-fuel warning light, 12-volt power outlet and audio anti-theft protection system. Safety features include driver and passenger front airbags with occupant off switch and three-point reel height adjustable front seat belts. Additional features include seat head restraints, cupholders, lockable glove compartment and floor partial console with open storage box. Internal dimensions are more spacious than some of its predecessors, with 1,064 mm of front headroom, 1,031 mm of rear headroom, 1,290 mm of front shoulder room, 1,455 mm of rear shoulder room, 1,316 mm of front hip room, 1,105 mm of rear hip room, 1,044 mm of front leg room, and 889 mm of rear leg room.

Exterior

Color choices are black, metallic silver, flame red, Inca gold, light and dark blue, light khaki, shale green, sienna, solar yellow and stone white, with some in clearcoat and others in pearlcoat. Both hard and soft tops come in black or dark khaki, with soft tops manually convertible. The body offers front and rear black bumpers, a removable rear window and underbody protection for the fuel tank and transfer case, while an added safety feature is the fixed hoop convertible rollover protection. Other features include driver and passenger externally adjustable black door mirrors, conventional-lens halogen bulb headlights, and windshield wipers with variable intermittent wipe. The outer dimensions include an overall length of 3,813 mm, overall width of 1,694 mm, and an overall height of 1,801 mm, plus 259 mm of ground clearance, 2,372 mm of wheelbase, 1,473 mm of both front track and rear track, and 9,997 mm of curb-to-curb turning circle radius. The vehicle's gross weight rating is 2,018 kg with a curb weight of 1,467 kg gross trailer weight braked at 907 kg and a max legal load of 363 kg.

Handling and Performance

The vehicle's 2,429-cc, 2.4-liter, inline four has a 101 mm stroke, 88 mm bore, 9.5:1 compression ratio, double overhead cam and four valves per cylinder. The 72-liter fuel tank takes regular unleaded and has a multi-point injection fuel system, generating approximately 16 mpg city and 18 mpg highway for an average of 17. Other performance features include a beam front and rear suspension with stabilizer bar, which is rigid with coil springs, heavy-duty alternator, 4.11:1 axle ratio, and two disc brakes (including two ventilated discs). A full-size steel rim spare wheel is in the rear.

Specs for the Ford Bantam Rocam

The Ford Bantam comes in four trims: Bantam 1.3i, Bantam 1.3i XL, Bantam 1.3i XLT and Bantam 1.4TDCi. Each model comes equipped with an engine with a RoCam engine. The RoCam engine operates on "almost any octane rating, but still maintains the highest global quality standards," according to the Ford Motor Company of Southern Africa.

2011 Ford Bantam 1.3i

The Ford Bantam 1.3i models come with RoCam 1.3-liter two-valve engine with four-cylinder. The vehicle features a 2.9-inch bore and stroke with a 10.2 to 1 compression ratio.

2011 Ford Bantam 1.4

The Ford Bantam 1.4 TDCi model includes a 1,399 cc four-cylinder engine. The engine includes a 2.9-inch bore and 3.2-inch stroke with a 18.0 to 1 compression ratio.

Performance

The 1,297 cc engine generates 73.7 horsepower at revolutions per minute and 149.1 foot-pound of torque at 3,000 rpm. The 1.4-liter engine outputs 67 horsepower at 4,000 rpm and 160 foot-pound of torque at 2,000 rpm.

How to Get a Free Used Car VIN check

A used car VIN check is helpful when you are buying a used car. The car VIN check works in a similar fashion to a car VIN check. You must get the VIN number from the used car then run it through the NICB database. Several car check companies offer this service on free VIN check websites.

Instructions

1

First get the VIN number from the used car. The used car VIN is usually located on the front forks of the bike. It may also be listed on the dealer website. If you are buying from a private seller, call and ask them for the VIN number. They should be able to give it to you.

2

Go to a free VIN check website (some are listed below). These sites allow you to enter the used car VIN and get a free VIN check right away on any car or motorcycle. No credit card is needed.

3

Submit your used car VIN to the site in the appropriate box and then read the free report. It is usually downloaded or emailed to you. The Vin check report contains information about whether the used car has been salvaged or stolen.

4

Compare the results of the free used car VIN check to other used cars you are interested in buying. Since it is free, repeat the above steps to get a free VIN check on every car you want to buy.

A 2005 Hyundai Sonata GLS Specifications

The 2005 Hyundai Sonata GLS is a mid-sized family sedan that can accommodate up to five people. The sedan has an elegant look that is comparable to higher-end luxury cars. In 2005, the Sonata GLS had a few additions, while keeping many of its already standard features.

Model and Production

While many of the standard features remain for the Hyundai Sonata GLS during the 2005 model year, there are some new convenience options. The GLS Special Value version is added for 2005 and is the only model that comes with heated front seats. All other models of the Sonata have heated front seats as a new option. A universal garage door opener is also new, and included with the GLS Special Value edition.

Engine

The 2005 Hyundai Sonata GLS comes with a 2.7-liter Delta V-6 engine that delivers 170 horsepower at 6,000 RPM. This is the same powertrain that is available in other Hyundai vehicles, including the Santa Fe, Tuscon and Tiburon Coupe. The engine has an 86.7 millimeter bore and 75 millimeter stroke, and dual overhead cam with four valves per cylinder. The Sonata's engine also uses multi-point fuel injection.

Dimensions

Hyundai's 2005 Sonata GLS is 186.9 inches long, 71.7 inches wide and 56 inches high. The curb weight of this Sonata is 3,254 pounds on a 106.3-inch wheelbase.

Wheels and Brakes

The 2005 Hyundai Sonata GLS is equipped with 16 x 6.0 inch alloy wheels. Four-wheel disc brakes are standard, as is a four-channel anti-lock braking system or ABS. The ABS also has electronic traction control.

Other Specs

Fuel economy for the 2005 Hyundai Sonata GLS is 19 miles per gallon in the city and 27 miles per gallon on the highway. The fuel tank holds 17.2 gallons of unleaded fuel. A five-speed manual transmission is standard, while the four-speed automatic transmission is optional.

Difference Between a Honda Odyssey, EX & LX

The Odyssey is a minivan manufactured by the Japanese automaker Honda. The Odyssey was first introduced in North America in 1995, and Honda has created four generations of it. The first generation was from 1995 to 1998 and had two trim levels, the LX and EX. The second generation was from 1999 to 2004, the third generation was from 2005 to 2009, and in 2010, Honda released the fourth generation.

Basics

The Honda Odyssey LX and EX trim models come with a 3.5-liter, V6 engine, with an automatic transmission and front wheel drive. Each has an average 5-year maintenance cost of $2,443. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration gave the Odyssey its highest safety rating of five, in front and side impact crash tests.

Comfort and Convenience Options

Both models come standard with power windows, power door locks, cruise control, tilt steering column, cargo lights and rear outlet. The EX model, however, comes with four convenience options not available with the LX model. The features are dual-zone climate control, automatic climate control and exterior temperature gauge. In addition, it has the homelink remote system, which is a universal garage door opener.

Seating

The LX trim model only has seating for seven people, while the EX has seating for eight passengers. The EX comes standard with a power driver seat, which adjust eight ways and has an adjustable manual lumbar support.

Stereo

The Odyssey LX comes standard with AM/FM radio with CD player. It also has four speakers with the option for satellite radio. The EX has six speakers, and the CD player is a 6-disc changer. The stereo is an anti-theft stereo, which in not available with the LX model. Finally, wireless audio devices come standard with the EX model.

Exterior

The EX trim has exterior features not included with the LX like power sliding side doors, heated exterior mirrors, automatic headlights and auto-off headlights. Fog lights are considered an upgrade on the EX and are an option available for the LX. Lastly, alloy wheels are standard on the EX model.

Cost

The LX is the base trim model with the Honda Odyssey, and the MSRP on it is $26,805. The EX model starts at $29,905, a little more than $3,000 over the base model. The Automotive Lease Guide states that after 36 months the LX model has 47 percent of its residual value while the EX value is 48 percent. At 60 months the value is 32 percent for the LX and 33 percent for the EX model.

List of Cars With Third Row Seating

How to Get Prices on Used Vehicles

You should not shop for a used vehicle until you have done some price research. You won't know how much to offer a seller or whether a stated price is good or bad if you haven't compared similar vehicles. There are several ways to do this. You should use every possible method because used car prices can vary considerably based on the vehicle's condition and location. Then average out the prices you find so you'll have a foundation to use while shopping for a used vehicle.

Instructions

1

Calculate a price through Kelley Blue Book. Its website lets you do this online for free. This is a widely accepted baseline for used vehicle values. You will be able to choose any make and model of used car, including options, and specify the condition to get the most accurate price.

2

Compare vehicles on sales sites such as AutoTrader and other sources of used-car listings with the Kelley Blue Book value. Sellers will often negotiate down from the total listed, but you'll get a feel for the car's value in your particular region.

3

Look for similar cars at your local dealerships. Many car dealers make this easy by listing their used car inventory online, including prices, the Edmunds car research site states. Most dealers will negotiate so smart buyers pay less than the listed price, but you will have basic information. Also look at the CarMax website, which lists a firm, no-negotiation price.

4

Average the prices you found through your research to get the price the used vehicle sells for in your area. Remember that is can still vary based on the passage of time, which will bring down the price, and a particular car's condition since a well-maintained, low-mileage vehicle will go for more money.

How To Tell Whether a Used Car Has Been in an Accident

The car you want to buy may look fine on first glance, but a closer look at the details may tell you that its history is not a good one. Cars that have been involved in serious accidents generally show the tell-tale signs of repairs that may not have brought the vehicle up to its full performance capability. At the least, finding out that your prospective car has been in a major accident, when the sellers is assuring you that it hasn't, tells you all you need to know about the seller's honesty.

Instructions

1

Check Carfax. Most major accidents are reported to police agencies and insurance companies, whose reports are then picked up and reported on the nationwide database. Otherwise, some points to look for include:

2

Difference in paint from one part of the car to another. It is not so much that the paint isn't the same color, as it is that the paint on one side is newer and shiner than the other side.

3

Small dents in pieces not replaced. On our car, the very tip of the hood has a bend that was bad enough to result in a loss of paint.

4

Trim pieces that are loose enough you can pry them up with your fingers and peak under them.

5

Windows/doors that whistle when you test drive your car; but only on one side.

6

Trim placement. Trim doesn't exactly but up to the piece next to it. But it does on the other side of the vehicle.

7

Dome light not activated by door(s) on one side of car.

8

One door/window that is not controllable by the driver.

9

Bondo or primer visible inside doors or under loose trim pieces.

10

Tape residue above or below windows or lights that might have been loose.

11

Broken or missing hubcaps.

Mazda 323 Problems

The 323 was Mazda's entry-level small car, lasting two generations from 1986 to 1994. Below are the common problems associated with the vehicle from 1988 to 1994, the years such information is available for.

1988 to 1989

The last two model years from the 323's first generation were plagued with faulty front safety belt buckle release buttons. These red buttons--marked "Press"--broke easily, with the pieces falling into the buckle assembly and causing the buckle to operate improperly. If you are an owner of a 1988 or 1989 Mazda 323, you should periodically check the buckles by inserting each latch plate into its buckle and tugging on the belt to make sure everything is securely locked. Buckles can be replaced or repaired free of charge at your local authorized dealership.

1990

With the debut of the second and last 323 generation, some cars of the first entry eventually developed faulty air conditioners due to leaking refrigerants, squealing brakes and clutch, steering problems, and water leaks in the passenger compartment.

The most persistent problem with the Mazda 323 for its last five model years, however, is with the front passenger-side automatic shoulder safety belts. Over time, the belt's rail can wear to the extent that the cable that retracts the buckle assembly can become jammed in the rail. This effectively renders the entire belt inoperable, and would be far from sufficient to restrain the seat occupant should a crash occur. Dealers can replace the defective belt with a dust lip and can inspect vehicles with properly functioning belts to make sure the rails are not worn enough to cause major concern.

1991 to 1992

Expect vibration in the steering wheel from these model years as well, which can be resolved by replacing bad motor mounts and radiator mounts.

1993

Brakes with squealing and/or pedal pulsations can extend to this year; replacing the original car brakes would solve the problem. The same applies to the water leaks, which can be fixed by applying sealing material on the heater pipes.

1994

Original clutch squealing and off-center steering persisted to the last model year (and the end of the 323's production run). Disc replacement and repositioning or adjustment of the tie rods, can resolve the problems.

Economical & Ecological Advantages of Hybrid Cars

With the cost of gasoline expected to continue rising, and concerns for the effects of pollution on the environment leading to countries resolving to lower their production of atmospheric pollutants, automakers have realized that extremely efficient vehicles must be developed. Hybrid cars are the response of automakers to these concerns, and these vehicles offer several benefits in both fuel efficiency and pollution reduction.

Convenience

Unlike cars that run entirely on electricity, hybrid vehicles use both an electric motor and gasoline engine to provide power. The electric motor reduces the gasoline needed to run the vehicle, while the gas motor provides extra accelerating and cruising power only when needed. The gasoline engine also serves to help recharge the hybrid's batteries, making it unnecessary to plug the car into an electrical power source for recharging. Since the car never needs to be plugged into an external power source for extended periods to recharge its batteries like a purely electrically powered vehicle, owners of hybrids can drive them as they would a normal gasoline-powered vehicle while still benefitting from their improved fuel efficiency.

Fuel Efficiency

Hybrid vehicles get up to 35% better mileage from a gallon of gasoline than a standard gas-powered vehicle. The immediate result of this higher efficiency is that the vehicle can travel farther on a single tank of gas than a gasoline-powered vehicle. This also lowers fuel costs for the owner of the hybrid, as well as reducing the total amount of gasoline consumed worldwide. The net result is a reduction in the overall public demand for gasoline, which helps conserve the oil supplies needed to produce it.

Less Pollution

Hybrid cars produce up to 35% fewer emissions than vehicles powered by gasoline alone. Automobiles are a significant source of carbon dioxide--a greenhouse gas that contributes to atmospheric warming--and nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons, which are the main components of smog. Reductions in the amount of these gases produced by vehicles contribute to the reduction of smog and help to lower the amount of carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere.

Costs

Hybrid cars require less gasoline to operate than normal vehicles. Their high fuel efficiency allows them to travel further on a gallon of gasoline, which reduces the total costs for fuel that the owner of hybrid must pay for. Although hybrids initially cost more to purchase than normal vehicles when first offered for sale, government tax incentives helped to lower this cost. Although these tax incentives have expired, new hybrids are becoming competitive in price with normal gasoline-powered vehicles, which further increases the benefits to be had from better fuel economy and lower gasoline bills.

How to Buy Then Sell a Car Impounded by the Police

A police auction can be a viable place to pick up a car for a fraction of its worth to rehabilitate and sell for profit. You get a real mix of cars at these auctions, from old heaps left by the side of the road to functional, decent cars seized due to driver infractions.

Instructions

1

Find out from your local police when the next auction is. Some departments hold auctions every month, running advertisements in newspapers or posting notices on their Internet site.

2

Arrive early for the inspection period to look over the vehicles up for bid. Auctions are frequently held at a commercial towing facility contracted by the police or at the police storage lot. You're allowed a few hours for inspection before cars go on the block.

3

Bring cash. Most sales are final, and the auction house may only accept cash or certified checks.

4

Bring a valid driver's license and proof of insurance, in case you make a winning bid and you need to pick up a temporary permit to drive the car home (permit regulations vary by locality).

5

Pay the nominal bidder registration fee, and save your bidder number to show the auctioneer when you make a bid. Bids are accepted only from registered bidders. (See How to Buy at Auction.)

6

Look for clues that the car was moving under its own power recently. Some police stickers, such as "driving with license suspended" (DWLS), may indicate it probably runs OK. Also be aware that impounded vehicles could have been sitting for a year or longer with no maintenance whatsoever.

7

Whip out a used-car price guide (like Kelley Blue Book) once you've seen the cars, and look up trade-in values of the vehicles up for bid. If you own a PDA with wireless Internet connection, get the vehicle identification number (VIN) and run a Carfax.com vehicle history report before you even think about bidding. (See How to Choose a Personal Digital Assistant.)

8

Familiarize yourself with the rules of the auction before the bidding starts, so you don't miss out on a great car. Read How to Buy at Auction and learn the lingo. For example, an absolute auction means there's no reserve (minimum) price, in which case a car might be picked up for an extremely low bid. Also, some auction houses charge a 5 to 15 percent buyer's premium on top of the bidding price.

9

Remember that when you bid for these cars, you're not likely to get any warranties or guarantees. In fact, the car you buy may not even start.

The Effects of Buying Foreign Cars

The effects of buying foreign cars for many people the U.S. may seen like a negative on the surface. But looking closer, many will see that the benefits of creating competition for the big automaker benefited the U.S. consumer, actually created jobs domestically and pushed innovation. Coupled with an increasingly global economy, it becomes clear that through variety and competition, the consumer and the worker will benefit.

Forcing Competition

The SUV reigned supreme in the U.S. when foreign auto makers began to gain a foothold in the market. Honda and Toyota touted more streamlined and fuel-efficient vehicles that were easily customizable, while American automakers pushed higher-end, lower fuel economy vehicles on the strength of American craftsmanship and longer life of the auto itself.

The appeal of the foreign car increased as gas prices climbed to over $4 per gallon nationwide in 2008, and domestic automakers scrambled to produce a product. Americans buying foreign cars forced domestic automakers to innovate or die.

The Reality of the "American" Car

No car in the U.S. is produced entirely in-house anymore. Many automakers, including Ford and GM, maintain factories in Mexico, England and Sweden, producing different auto parts that are then assembled domestically at the company's home facilities. Purchasing an American car may assist a domestic auto maker's bottom line, but it does very little to secure American jobs.

The Reality for American Workers

Foreign car purchases have led to jobs in the U.S. Even with domestic automaker's hurting, Honda, Nissan and Mercedes all opened factories in the Sun Belt of the U.S. These foreign automakers have also expanded U.S. design and innovation facilities to gain a better understanding of the American market and provide more effective automobiles. In effect, buying foreign cars may have saved some jobs in this country and brought more here, too.

Engine Options for 1991 to 1993 VW Passats

Offered as the Volkswagen's largest family car model since its release into the American market in 1990, the Passat features various body styles and layouts across its numerous generations. Many different engine configurations come in the various Passat trims and generations. Passat models manufactured for the American market from 1991 to 1993 featured three different engine configurations. Additionally, there was a 1.8-liter option offered to European markets.

2.0-Liter Four-Cylinder

The engine available in the standard model Passat, known as the Passat GL, was Volkswagen's 2.0-liter, inline four-cylinder gasoline engine. This engine featured a 16-valve, dual overhead cam cylinder head. With a maximum output of 134 horsepower, the 2.0-liter engine was both an economical and high-performing option for its class. Because of its performance capabilities, Volkswagen also featured this engine in its sporty Golf GTI vehicles.

2.8-Liter VR6

In 1992, Volkswagen introduced its 2.8-liter VR6 gasoline engine. Available in the Passat GLX model, this was Volkswagen's highest performing engine, with a maximum output of 178 horsepower. The VR6 featured a 12-valve single overhead cam cylinder head. The VR6 engine allowed the Passat to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in just 7.9 seconds, giving it class-leading performance for its time.

1.9-Liter Turbo Diesel Injection

In addition to the gasoline engines, the Passat featured a turbocharged diesel option. Known as the Passat turbo diesel injection, this model featured a 1.9-liter, turbocharged four-cylinder engine. As it only produced 74 horsepower, the TDI engine did not offer the acceleration capabilities of the gasoline options. However, the turbo diesel engine was EPA-rated at 45 mpg on the highway, which made it the most fuel-efficient Passat option.

1.8-Liter Turbo Diesel Injection

Volkswagen equipped various base European models of the Passat with a 1.8-liter gasoline engine. The 1.8-liter featured an eight-valve, SOHC cylinder head. This made it a lower-performing engine than the 2.0-liter DOHC engine found in the American version of the base-model Passat. The 1.8-liter engine made it possible to offer the Passat at a cheaper entry-level price for certain European markets.

Information on the 2003 GM Impala 3.4L

General Motors' Chevrolet division produced the 2003 Impala equipped with a 3.4-liter V-6 engine. The 2003 model was part the eighth generation of 1999 to 2005 Impalas. The 3.4-liter engine was in the base version, while the upscale LS model received the 3.8-liter V-6. The Impala Super Sport had a supercharged V-6. The eighth-generation Impalas were part of Chevy's new Impala program after the seventh generation ceased production in 1996. The later Impalas replaced the Lumina.

Power

The base 2003 Impala's V-6 displaced 3.4 liters. It featured a 3.62-inch bore and 3.31-inch stroke. The compression ratio was 9.5-to-1 and a multi-point fuel injection system delivered the gasoline to the engine. Its horsepower rating was 180 and it could generate 205 foot-pounds of torque. In contrast, the 3.8-liter version developed 200 horsepower and 225 foot-pounds of torque. The supercharged 3.8 wielded 240 horsepower. A four-speed automatic transmission matched all engines.

Dimensions

The four-door sedan had a curbside weight rating of 3,389 lbs. Its wheelbase measured 110.5 inches and the body's length was 200 inches. It stood 57.3 inches tall and 73 inches wide. The front track width was 62 inches while the rear track measured 61.1 inches. Cabin room was fairly generous. The front and rear headroom was 39.2 and 36.8 inches respectively. The front legroom was 42.2 inches and rear legroom measured 38.4 inches. Front and rear shoulder room was 59 and 58.9 inches respectively. Cargo space was 18.6 cubic feet. The fuel tank held 17 gallons and the car rode on 16-inch steel wheels.

Chassis

The front-wheel-drive 2003 model had all-wheel vented disc brakes. The front and rear suspensions featured independent MacPherson struts, stabilizer bars and coil springs. Its curb-to-curb turning radius was 38 feet.

Features

The 2003 Impala featured as standard equipment front and rear color-keyed bumpers, tinted heat-reflective glass, air conditioning, six-speaker AM/FM anti-theft stereo, clock, split front bench seat, power door locks, mirrors and windows, remote locking system, power steering, tachometer and cloth upholstery. Safety equipment included three-point seatbelts, driver and passenger front airbags, child seat anchors, rear door child safety locks, engine immobilizer, front and rear headrests, electronic brakeforce distribution and emergency interior trunk release.

Performance

The 2003 models achieved 19 mpg in the city and 29 mpg on the highway. A full tank of gas allowed the Imapala a maximum range of 493 miles. However, the automotive press was less than enthusiastic about the eighth generation Impalas. Edmunds.com, for example, complained the interior and exterior styling was lackluster, the steering "vague" and the suspension "soggy." Edmunds.com praised the Impalas roominess and the 3.4-liter V-6's power.

Compare 4WD Gas Mileage

While four-wheel-drive vehicles aren't known for their fuel efficiency, there are significant differences in the miles per gallon (MPG) that various models deliver. When shopping for a truck, car, minivan or SUV with four-wheel drive, you can find models offering up to 30 MPG.

Instructions

1

Examine engine sizes. Vehicles with smaller engines don't require as much gasoline as those that produce more horsepower and torque. For example, a 2011 Kia Sportage has four cylinders and delivers 21 MPG in city driving and 28 MPG on the highway. A six-cylinder, 2011 Lincoln MKX gets 17 MPG in the city and 23 on the open road. Step up to eight cylinders in a 2011 Nissan Titan and you can expect 12 MPG city and 17 MPG highway.

2

Check fuel types. Hybrid vehicles combine gasoline with the power of an electric motor to deliver impressive fuel mileage results. A 2011 Ford Escape Hybrid sport utility vehicle with four-wheel drive garners 30 MPG in the city and 27 on the highway. Flexible-fuel vehicles can run on gasoline or E85, a fuel blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline that is less expensive than traditional unleaded gasoline. A 2011 GMC Terrain with all-wheel drive gets 16 MPG in the city when running on unleaded, and 12 when using E85.

3

Consider vehicle types. When examining 2011 non-hybrid vehicles, SUVs and cars with four-wheel drive tend to produce better fuel economy than trucks or minivans. Among 2011 pickup trucks, the government's fuel economy website shows the best four-wheelers for fuel mileage are the Chevrolet Colorado and GMC Canyon, which produce 18 MPG city and 24 highway. The Mitsubishi Outlander Sport claims the title of best-performing SUV, delivering 24 MPG in the city and 29 on the highway. Toyota offers a minivan with all-wheel drive; the 2011 Sienna gets 16 MPG city and 22 highway. Among cars, the 2011 Mini Cooper S Countryman delivers the best fuel efficiency, with averages of 25 MPG city and 31 highway.

4

Compare driving conditions. When purchasing a vehicle, consider where you do most of your driving to get the best idea of the fuel economy you can expect. Vehicles can offer a considerable gap in fuel economy when you compare city to highway driving. For example, the 2011 Subaru Legacy produces 23 MPG city and 31 highway, and the 2011 GMC Terrain offers 20 and 29, respectively.